Overview of Global HIV Epidemic Vijay Kandula, MD MPH AAHIVS Adjunct Assistant Professor Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine University of Utah, Salt Lake City GLOBAL REPORT, UNAIDS Report on the global AIDS epidemic | 2012 http://www.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/documents/epidemiology/2012/gr2012/20121120_UNAIDS_Global_Report_2012_en.pdf

Global summary of the AIDS epidemic  2011 Number of people living with HIV Total Adults Women Children (<15 years) 34.0 million [31.4 million–35.9 million] 30.7 million [28.2 million–32.3 million] 16.7 million [15.4 million–17.6 million] 3.3 million [3.1 million–3.8 million] 2.5 million [2.2 million–2.8 million] 2.2 million [1.9 million–2.4 million] 330 000 [280 000–390 000] 1.7 million [1.5 million–1.9 million] 1.5 million [1.3 million–1.7 million] 230 000 [200 000–270 000] People newly infected with HIV in 2011 AIDS deaths in 2011

Eastern Europe & Central Asia South & South-East Asia People estimated to be living with HIV  2011 Western & Central Europe 900 000 Eastern Europe & Central Asia 1.4 m North America 1.4 m East Asia 830 000 Middle East & North Africa 300 000 Caribbean 230 000 South & South-East Asia 4.0 m Latin America 1.4 m Oceania 53 000 Sub-Saharan Africa 23.5 m Total: 34.0 million [31.4 million – 35.9 million]

1.2 million Estimated deaths from AIDS  2011 92 000 250 000 Western & Central Europe 7000 Eastern Europe & Central Asia 92 000 North America 21 000 East Asia 59 000 Middle East & North Africa 23 000 Caribbean 10 000 South & South-East Asia 250 000 Sub-Saharan Africa 1.2 million Latin America 54 000 Oceania 1300 In 2011, 1.7 m people died from AIDS-related causes worldwide—24% fewer deaths than in 2005. Globally there were more than half a million fewer deaths in 2011 than in 2005. The number of AIDS-related deaths declined by nearly one-third in sub-Saharan Africa between 2005 and 2011. - The Caribbean experienced declines in AIDS-related deaths of 48% between 2005 and 2011 and Oceania 41%. - However two regions experienced significant increases in AIDS-related deaths; Eastern Europe and Central Asia (21%) and the Middle East and North Africa (17%). Total: 1.7 million [1.5 million – 1.9 million]

Children (<15 years) with HIV  2011 Western & Central Europe 1600 [1300 – 2000] Eastern Europe & Central Asia 11 000 [9600 – 14 000] North America 4500 [4000 – 5800] East Asia 16 000 [11 000 – 22 000] Middle East & North Africa 15 000 [12 000 – 19 000] Caribbean 18 000 [15 000 – 21 000] South & South-East Asia 150 000 [140 000 – 180 000] Sub-Saharan Africa 3.1 million [2.8 million – 3.4 million] Latin America 42 000 [30 000 – 56 000] Oceania 3600 [2800 – 4600] Total: 3.3 million [3.1 million – 3.8 million]

Children (<15 years) NEWLY infected with HIV  2011 Western & Central Europe <200 [<200] Eastern Europe & Central Asia <1000 [<500 – <1000] North America <100 [<100-<200] East Asia 2000 [<1000 – 4100] Middle East & North Africa 2600 [2000 – 3300] Caribbean 1100 [<1000 – 1400] South & South-East Asia 19 000 [11 000 – 32 000] Sub-Saharan Africa 300 000 [260 000 – 350 000] Latin America 2200 [1000 – 4000] Oceania <500 [<200 – <500] Total: 330 000 [280 000 – 390 000]

210 000 Estimated deaths in children (<15 years) from AIDS  2011 Western & Central Europe <100 [<100 - <200] Eastern Europe & Central Asia <500 [<500 – <1000] North America <100 [<200] East Asia 1100 [<1000 – 1700] Middle East & North Africa 1500 [1100 – 1900] Caribbean 1100 [<1000 – 1400] South & South-East Asia 13 000 [11 000 – 14 000] Sub-Saharan Africa 210 000 [180 000 – 240 000] Latin America 2400 [1200 – 3800] Oceania <500 [<200 – <500] Total: 230 000 [200 000 – 270 000]

Only 30% of eligible pregnant women were receiving antiretroviral therapy for their own health in 2011, compared with 54% for all eligible adults.

HIV treatment coverage is 68% for women and 47% for men in low-and middle-income countries, compared with 28% for children worldwide. Reaching 15 million people with HIV treatment by 2015: moving forward towards 2015

WHO estimates that scaling up collaborative HIV and TB activities meant that an estimated 1.3 million people avoided dying from AIDS related causes from 2005 to 2011. Fewer than half of all people living with tuberculosis and HIV received antiretroviral therapy in 2011.

~ 97% are in low- and middle-income countries Over 7000 new HIV infections a day in 2011 ~ 97% are in low- and middle-income countries ~ 900 are in children under 15 years of age ~ 6000 are adults aged > / = 15 y, of whom: ─ almost 47% are among women ─ about 39% are among young people (15-24)

25 countries have seen a 50% or greater drop in new HIV infections since 2001. - There has been a 42% reduction in new HIV infections in the Caribbean (the second most affected region in the world after sub-Saharan Africa). Half of all reductions in new HIV infections in the last two years have been among newborn children––showing that elimination of new infections in children is possible. - In 2011, new infections in children were 43% lower than in 2003, and 24% lower than 2009.

Eastern Europe & Central Asia South & South-East Asia Estimated new HIV infections 2011 Western & Central Europe 30 000 Eastern Europe & Central Asia 140 000 North America 51 000 East Asia 89 000 Middle East & North Africa 37 000 Caribbean 13 000 South & South-East Asia 280 000 Sub-Saharan Africa 1.8 m Latin America 83 000 Oceania 2900 Total: 2.5 million new infection in 2011 [2.2 million – 2.8 million]

UNAID Vision UNAIDS REPORT ON THE GLOBAL AIDS EPIDEMIC | 2010 ZERO NEW HIV INFECTIONS. ZERO DISCRIMINATION. ZERO AIDS-RELATED DEATHS Through universal access to effective HIV prevention, treatment, care and support.