Lesson 4 Understanding

1. Which of these things help you to understand things? 1) being relaxed and happy 2) having time to think about what you are learning 3) being interested in the topic 4) discussing topics with friends 5) asking questions

Maybe asking questions is a good way to help you understand things.

Great philosopher Francis Bacon said: “Who questions much, shall learn much, and remember much.”

Words Preview acquire thinking rank worthy religion defence ignore unwilling vt. 获得，得到 n. 思考，考虑 n. 职衔 adj. 值得的 n. 宗教 n. 保卫，保护 vt. 忽视，不顾 adj. 不情愿的

Words Preview assumption urge inspire shadow conventional kingdom civilization n. 假定，假设 vt. 力劝，强烈要求 v. 鼓舞，鼓励 n. 阴影，影子 adj. 传统的，保守的 n. 王国 n. 文明

Words Preview adj.极其重要的 vital adj. 有用的，有益的 beneficial n. 景象，形象 image vt. 假定，假设 习惯于 经常做，倾向于 赞成，赞许 vital beneficial image assume be accustomed to tend to approve of

Reading

Skim the passage to get main ideas

Reading Comprehension Ⅰ Choose the best answer. How do we get knowledge and understanding according to the text? Observe; study the facts; question; test the possible answer. B. Question; observe; study the facts; C. Study the facts; observe; question; D. Question; study the facts; observe;

2. If we want to discover truth, we should do the following except _______. having the spirit of doubt B. believing facts C. willingness to challenge D. believing in great men

Read the passage carefully to solve difficult points

Language points accustom vt. 使……习惯于 It took a while for me to accustom myself to the new rules. 我花了一段时间才适应了新规定。 accustomed adj. be accustomed to doing. 习惯于干某事 I’m not accustomed to getting up so early.

2. worthy adj. worthy of sb/sth 适合于某人/某事 It was difficult to find words worthy of the occasion. 很难找到适合于那种场合的言词。 worthy to be done 值得干某事 The work is worthy to be mentioned. 这工作值得一提。

worth prep. be worth … 值多少钱 The picture is worth 20,000 yuan. 这幅画值两万元。 be worth doing sth. 值得做 This museum is worth visiting.

3. approve of sb/sth 赞成；认可；满意 I approve of your trying to earn some money. But please don’t neglect your studies. 我同意你去挣一些钱，但是请不要忽视 了学习。 4. put forward 提出 The working party has put forward a new plan.

5. vital (to) 对事物的存在、成功或运作极重要的, 必不可少的 The police perform a vital role to our society. 警察在我们的社会起着极其重要的作 用。

Reading Strategies Using linking and reference words Focus on linking words to help you understand the text. Reference words can also help you work out meaning.

Which of the linking words mean the same as these? afterwards but since so he could so to start with when next after that however because in order to therefore at first as then

Scan the passage to get detailed information

Reading Comprehension Ⅱ True or False? Nowadays, traditional analysis is not important any more because we can turn to the Internet for help. 2. Bacon suggested a way to gain knowledge to serve the court better.

3. Great men were wrong at times like Aristotle and Galileo. 4. The writer believes that the Baconian Method of scientific thought is a good way to gain knowledge. 5. The writer described the people of the church during Galileo’s time as having “open” minds.

Reading Comprehension Ⅲ Answer these questions. What image does the writer use to explain how men like Bacon and Galileo helped educate people? 2. Why did Aristotle assume that the sun moved around the Earth? An image of putting forward their scientific ideas. Because it felt like the earth was standing still.

3. Do you think people like Bacon and Galileo would have thought it was a good idea to open libraries and set up universities? Why? No. Because at that time people believed more in religion than in facts.

Quiz

acquire, observe, consider, test discover, inspire, solve, challenge QuizⅠ 6 Find a proper definition for these words. acquire, observe, consider, test discover, inspire, solve, challenge 1) to look at closely 2) to get 3) to go against popular observe acquire challenge

4) to encourage learning 5) to find the answer to a problem 6) to think about sometime from all sides 7) to see if an answer is right 8) to find something for the first time inspire solve consider test discover

accustomed, bureaucratic, tend, 7 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words below. accustomed, bureaucratic, tend, approve, beneficial, worthy, urge, vital, unwilling, assumption, defence, BC, kingdom, rank Ben ______to lie whenever he feels he might get into trouble. tends

2. You might find it _____ to STUDY before your next exam! 3. I don’t _______ of the man she is marrying. He’s not _______ of her. 4. He _____ me to give up smoking. He said it was _________for my health. 5. I worked for the government so I am ___________ to doing a lot of ____________ work. vital approve worthy urged beneficial accustomed bureaucratic

6. David ruled his _________ for 400 years, from 1000 _____. 7. I’m ________ to make any __________ about my new job in case I’m wrong. 8. In the war, men of all different _____ helped in the ________ of the city. kingdom BC unwilling assumption ranks defence

QuizⅡ Translation. 你习惯这里的天气了吗？ 2. 谁提出了这项新计划？ 3. They ____________(劝他)stop stealing, or he will be _____________(入狱) in the end. Are you accustomed to the weather here? Who put forward this new plan? urged him to put into prison

4. The delay ____________(由于) power failure. ______________(换句话说), he didn’t want to see you. Such measures _________ (必不可少) national security. was due to In other words are vital to

Homework Summarize the text in about 120 words.