Intro to Microbiology Spontaneous Generation Life forms arise from non-living matter Mice to wheat and underwear??

Louis Pasteur Experiments to prove air contained microorganisms that could grow under the right conditions Invented pasteurization process Wine production in France was in trouble… it spoiled quickly Pasteur heated wine to kill organisms before they multiplied VIDEO

Microbes? Semmelweis Childbed fever Medical students dissecting bodies to delivering children … First to have idea that washing hands was important!

Lister Joseph Lister began sterilizing instruments, using disinfectants in air of his operating rooms Improved survival of his patients helped to support Pasteur’s idea that microbes exist in the air

Living organisms are so diverse, a system is needed to classify them Taxonomy Living organisms are so diverse, a system is needed to classify them

Carl Linneaus Swedish botanist Sorted organisms by physical features Believed more similar looking = more related

Binomial Nomenclature Linnaeus first used this two-part scientific name Latin used as worldwide language for scientists First part of name is genus First letter always a capital Second part is the species All lowercase Always write in italics.

Species A population of individuals capable of interbreeding Must produce fertile offspring Breeding between different species is rare… does not produce fertile offspring Examples?

Levels of Classification Seven main levels or categories These are called ‘taxa’ (sing: taxon) Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Aristotle Two main groups Plants and Animals Linneaus first to called these “Kingdoms” This two kingdom system used until invention of the microscope How did the microscope change taxonomical classifcation forever?