What’s New in The NAFA Guide to Air Filtration, 5th Edition CAFS Update Training: What’s New in The NAFA Guide to Air Filtration, 5th Edition Chris Zaker, CAFS, NCT National Sales Manager Glasfloss Industries

Presented by the National Air Filtration Association Refreshing Your CAFS Presented by the National Air Filtration Association The 5th Edition of the NAFA Guide to Air Filtration is produced and available. The new information contained in the text has been put into the questions on the CAFS exam. Those with existing CAFS must be aware of the new information and this tutorial provides the highlights of the changes. A full reading of the text is encouraged for a more complete understanding of the new information contained in the text.

1990 - Today Continued development on media Filter manufacturers and research institutions continue their work on developing better medias and nano-fibers may represent the next generation of filters with higher efficiencies and lower pressure drops. We in the air filter industry must be sure are up-to-date on the latest technology – including using the same language when speaking about filtration. Using the word “micrometer” instead of “micron” and “pocket filter” instead of “bag filter” along with calling a “pleat” either a “pleated filter” instead of a “pleated panel” (since it is not a panel filter – see chapter 2) are just small things that set us apart from the rest of the industry that retains “old language” this is confusing and misrepresents our product.

Wells-Riley Addendum 1.1 Wells-Riley was a Model for Ventilation procedure for determining how much outdoor air was needed to Dilute risk of indoor air “contagion” from infecting others. The Wells-Riley – Filtration NAFA Research project by Dr. Brent Stephens, provided NAFA with a wealth of information regarding the ability of filters to remove airborne contaminant diseases thereby reducing the spread of these diseases. In addition, it challenges the notion that ventilation alone is the only answer to clean air. The Wells-Riley Filtration research is referenced many times in the 5th Edition of the NAFA Guide.

Filter Efficiencies Below 0.1 µm MERV tells us the removal percentage of particle sizes. Married – the Two present the efficiency of a filter to Remove contagion just like ventilation. The latest research shows something we have known but not acknowledge about all filters – there are higher efficiencies below the most penetrating particle size. Resent studies show why MERV 13 and above filters have positive effects on the indoor environment – because they filter out bacteria and smaller particles below 0.1 micrometers.

Risk Reduction With Filtration From no filter to MERV 13: From 11 out of 34 children infected w/ flu to 5 out of 34 This information shows a modeled a 55% reduction in the spread of influenza in the school environment by using MERV 13 or better filtration. This is the kind of useful information NAFA Members can present to school personnel to show the advantages of higher level of filtration. Dr. Brent Stephens-Illinois Institute of Technology-2014

Some Sample Questions 1 Millionth of a Meter is called a __________? Micrometer or Micron The air we breathe is composed mainly of __________? Nitrogen Answers show up on click.

Sample Questions The size of particles in outdoor air are mainly ???% and smaller? 1 Micrometer and smaller _____(size) particles behave like a gas, have negligible settling rates and are affected by Brownian Motion. Particles less than 0.1 micrometers

Chapter Two & Three Nothing New…But If, in a system, the static pressure is +3” wg and the velocity pressure is -3” wg…what is the Total Pressure? +3” -3” 0” None of the above This is the kind of “trick” question that is not found on the exam – although above. it really is not a trick question for those who understand and apply pressure information in a system. There is no such thing as negative velocity pressure – it can only be positive so the answer is none of the above. It is important to know little details as they can be the difference between a retrofit system that performs well – and one that causes problems for the facility. What happens when we lower the pressure in a system by using lower pressure drop filters? Answer – increased velocity – and where does this increased velocity go? Through a coil where it might cause condensate issues like blow-through. We have to be concerned now with the whole system.

Chapter Two & Three If one 24 x 24 extended surface filter has 52 square foot of media and is installed in a system with 2000 cfm, what is the fpm through any square foot? 38.46 0.26 9.61 13 Here you have to convert cfm to fpm before you do the math. Again, using the information correctly is paramount to understanding how a filter will function in an airstream.

Chapter Four If a pleated filter is an extended surface filter and a panel filter is one where the media velocity and face velocity are the same…What is a pleated panel? A filter with extended flat media A filter with flat media extended into pleats Old terminology – just like “bag filter” A conundrum Emphasize “old language”

Chapter Five Most penetrating particle size for a filter is; Depends on the media and velocity of the particle 0.3 micrometers 0.2 micrometers Depends on the size of the particle No just 0.3 micrometers….understand the system and how a particle may not be captured just on its size alone.

Chapter Six No major changes…but A possible advantage of electronic air cleaners is: lower pressure drop Handles higher velocities Less maintenance Handles high RH air Review

Chapter Six Agglomerators worked but; Too big Collector plates carbonized Voltage drop was a problem Pressure drop was an issue Review

Chapter Seven History of Air Filter testing was added 52-68 52-76 52.1-92 – deleted from text and charts All listed under heading “Retired Standards” for your reference 52.2 – 2012 – more information We purposefully printed the obsolete Standards in the book so that NAFA Members can take the text and show facility personnel that 52-76 is not the current Standard. Again, facts defeat doubt.

Chapter Seven EN-779 updated from 2002 to 2012 UL Class 1 and Class 2 references removed to indicate all filters now tested for UL Classified Move of 52.1 test data for dust arrestance and DHC for air cleaners with >20% in E3 range (MERV 1-4) All of the Standards in the 4th Edition are now “dated” and updated references were made to these Standards. The UL Classification is probably the biggest change here since it was the most recent (even though it wasn’t recent).

Chapter Eight The difference between “leak tested” and “scan tested” according to IEST is; The filter is subjected to visual inspection for scan testing The filter is subjected to larger particles for leak testing The filter is completely encapsulated for leak testing Scan testing gives a % penetration of the challenge NAFA Members have to know the difference between leak and scan tested HEPA filters. As HEPA filters become necessary for the reduction of worldwide outbreaks of pandemic-type diseases, Emergency Rooms, pre-diagnostic Rooms, ICU’s and other areas of the hospital and healthcare environments must have these….and they must be leak tested – preferably “in-situ” leak tested, to assure they have integrity. Pin hole leaks in HEPA filters render them ineffective when looking to remove viruses.

Chapter Eight Chart added showing filter efficiencies below 0.3 micrometers EN 1822 – 2009 updated to EN 1822 – 2012 HEPA filter Aging – Life in Service paragraph added at end of chapter* Charts added, Standards updated, and the HEPA aging question added with reference to Dr. Melvin First of the Harvard School of Public Health. One of the pioneers in HEPA filter testing, Dr. First theorized that the unknown in HEPA filter manufacturing including; when it was manufactured, how long it stayed on the manufacturers shelf, when and how it was shipped, how long it sat on the users’ shelf before install, the amount of cleaning chemical odors passed through the filter, and many other variables should cause it to be changed every 5 years (instead of on pressure drop).

Chapter Nine All information regarding Industrial Finishing moved to Chapter 16 Pharmaceutical Compounding USP 797 information add to Chapter Commercial Kitchen Ventilation Hood Filters section added to chapter Emphasis is on US Pharmacapia 797. An opportunity here for all NAFA Members to test and replace these HEPA filters in every hospital.

Chapter Ten Class II Biological Safety Cabinet information updated and listed. Next update will include AII and Protective Environments in hospitals – with Hospital and Healthcare Guidelines reference Information updated on Biological Safety Cabinets

Chapter Eleven Testing of media – ASHRAE 145.1 and 145.2 was added to the end of the Chapter Molecular (gas-phase) filtration will also take a prominent role in total filtration and the new testing Standards for molecular media mirror the 52.2 testing for particulates. NAFA Members should better understand the application of molecular media so that inclusion into buildings trying to secure net-zero energy usage can be achieved.

Chapter Twelve Human Physical Response was added after the introduction to explain the cause/effect of an immune system response to stimulus ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1 updated from 2004 to 2013 – many changes in terminology and descriptions of Air Classes and Redesignation (Read all of his new information before presenting). Detail each for the Members.

Chapter Twelve In IAQ Procedure – updated reference added by Burroughs and Bayer on application Natural Ventilation section added MERV 13 references added where applicable Heathcare Facilities section added Smoking Areas section corrected/updated All 2004 references updated to 2013 Relate (quickly) the updated application by Barney Burroughs and Charlene Baer. Again, this information shows the value of molecular filtration and a great application.

Chapter 13 Chart removed showing prices of filters and energy costs “Using Prefilters to Extend Filter Life” revised and “Removal of Prefilters” section added

Chapter Fourteen & Fifteen Both new and added in 2007 Edition…nothing new added to these chapters Bu it always helps to refresh you memory about the information found in these chapters.

Chapter Sixteen Industrial Finishing information from Chapter 9 updated and moved to Chapter 16 Updated pictures and references – more complete explanation of systems Supply Air explained – Exhaust Air explained then system balance Much more information on cleaning of supply/exhaust air All new and a must study chapter. Much more information and references included for this chapter.

Chapter Sixteen Much more information and pictures of overspray removal References to Federal Regulations added Discussions of new technologies “Types of Finishes” added to the Chapter

Questions?