The building blocks of life

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Presentation transcript:

The building blocks of life Cells Chapter 3 Eukaryotic Cells Slide 37-45 The building blocks of life

Prokaryotic Vs. Eukaryotic Cells https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQ-SMCmWB1s

Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9o6huiw7u5o

Biology, 9th ed,Sylvia Mader Chapter 04 Eukaryotic Cells Cell Structure and Function Domain Eukarya includes: Protists Fungi Plants Animals Cells contain: Membrane-bound nucleus that houses DNA Specialized organelles (possess many organelles) Plasma membrane Much larger than prokaryotic cells Some cells (e.g., plant cells) have a cell wall

Eukaryotic Cells: Organelles Biology, 9th ed,Sylvia Mader Chapter 04 Eukaryotic Cells: Organelles Cell Structure and Function Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized They contain small structures called organelles Perform specific functions Isolates reactions from others Two classes of organelles: Endomembrane system: Organelles that communicate with one another Via membrane channels Via small vesicles Energy related organelles Mitochondria & chloroplasts Basically independent & self-sufficient

Organelles Cellular machinery Two general kinds Derived from membranes Bacteria-like organelles

Bacteria-Like Organelles Derived from symbiotic bacteria Ancient association Endosymbiotic theory Evolution of modern cells from cells & symbiotic bacteria

Hypothesized Origin of Eukaryotic Cells Biology, 9th ed,Sylvia Mader Chapter 04 Hypothesized Origin of Eukaryotic Cells Cell Structure and Function Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Original prokaryotic cell DNA 1. Cell gains a nucleus by the plasma membrane invaginating and surrounding the DNA with a double membrane. 2. Cell gains an endomembrane system by proliferation of membrane. 3. Cell gains mitochondria. aerobic bacterium mitochondrion 4. Cell gains chloroplasts. chloroplast photosynthetic bacterium Animal cell has mitochondria, but not chloroplasts. Plant cell has both mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Endosymbiotic Theory https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-smEtnKWF9I

Endosymbiotic Theory

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