The Future? Or the Past and Present? Cloud Computing The Future? Or the Past and Present? Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

Introduction The Cloud is one of the noticeable features of the 21st century The roots date back earlier but did not become important until the 2000s The three components that enable Fast and robust internet Inexpensive commodity computers Virtualization technology Like the Internet it has enabled things little dreamt of before now Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

Roots Cloud computing is a descendent of the 1960’s product of Time Sharing The 1960’s also originated virtualization The 1990’s added the needed telecommunication and the dominance of the powerful single chip computer Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

Setup The vendor has a quantity of computers in a server farm They also have software that may be accessed from the network Finally they have configuration tools that will automatically increase or decrease the resources available based on demand When a customer’s needs change, because of traffic, the system accommodates this with a change in resources Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

NIST Definition National Institute of Standards and Technology asserts that cloud computing has five characteristics On-demand self service Broad network access Resource pooling Rapid elasticity Measured service Let us unpack each of these Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

On-Demand self-service The ability to increase or decrease the amount of computing capabilities may be done by the customer without needing the service provider’s people to be involved These capabilities would include: Amount of computing resources Amount of disk storage Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

Broad Network Access Generally, this is Internet accessibility with normal hardware and software The things that can be done are done over the internet using standard mechanisms Ordinary devices like laptops and smart phones Ordinary applications like web browsers Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

Resource Pooling The vendor's computing resources are pooled This gives the ability to serve multiple consumers This uses a multi-tenant model Everyone gets the same software and configuration Physical and virtual resources are dynamically assigned based on the consumer’s demand  Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

Rapid Elasticity Capabilities can be elastically provisioned and released Usually automatically This allows scaling to rapidly accommodate demand The consumer can envision these capabilities as unlimited Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

Measured Service Automatically control and optimize resource use by using a metering capability Resource usage can be monitored, controlled, and reported This provides transparency for both the provider and consumer of the utilized service Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

Variations Most fundamental is Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Next is Platform as a Service Software as a Service is most complete Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

IaaS The vendor provides virtual hardware CPU, Storage, Networking Just the fundamentals The client must provision these with an OS, Database servers and whatever other software is needed Like all cloud computing the resources devoted to the client are metered and may expand or contract dynamically Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

PaaS Sits on top of IaaS Vendor now provides the OS and basic services Database servers Web servers Programming languages and libraries The client then uses this platform and adds anything that is not comparatively standard Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

SaaS Now the vendor adds the needed applications on top of a PaaS installation The data and typically the data only is supplied by the client Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

Variants of SaaS Many variations DataBase as a Service (DBaaS) Desktop as a Service Storage as a Service Logging as a Service Among others Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

The Stack SaaS PaaS IaaS Applications OS and servers Virtual hardware Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

Advantages The smaller business can gain a capabilities very rapidly without a substantial up-front investment The {I/P/S}aaS vendor has already solved the serious technical problems and are the ideal solution for startup problems If after growth the subscription costs become too high they may then buy the package for themselves Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

Disadvantages Customer data is stored in a remote location The security of this data there and in transit is in question If the vendor fails, what will be done? For SaaS the customer cannot verify how the software works Lots of trust involved Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

Vendors The largest provider of cloud services is currently Amazon Web Services This is market where we can expect fierce competition Microsoft, Google and many others intend to be players in this market Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill

Finally The client gets a very versatile system without up-front infrastructure costs There are questions about the where-abouts and security of the data The expected future of all of these is that they will increase in importance Copyright © 2017 Curt Hill