Mind Stretcher 2/14/17: What are these items used for? Recipe Book Blueprint DNA

Introduction to Genetics… S7L3. Students will recognize how biological traits are passed on to successive generations. a. Explain the role of genes and chromosomes in the process of inheriting a specific trait.

Learning Target: Today I am learning how variations in DNA lead to the inheritance of different traits because this explains why we look the way we do.

What’s the Difference? A single DNA strand is often referred to as a chromosome. Information in a DNA strand (or molecule) is grouped into small segments called genes (colored DNA strips in activity).

Let’s find out by creating a dog from a set of parent genes! Did you know? All individuals of a species have the same genes in the same order along their chromosomes. This is what allows researchers to “map” the location of a gene to a specific place on a chromosome. **Human Genome Project…More info coming soon! So HOW do we all look so different then? Let’s find out by creating a dog from a set of parent genes!

A Recipe for Traits- Directions Determine the 1st trait of your dog (body shape) by randomly picking a piece of dog DNA out of the envelope. Don’t peek! Match symbols on the DNA strip to the pattern on the Dog Traits Key for body shape. Circle the picture for body shape that matches the DNA piece you picked. Set DNA piece aside and repeat steps 1-3 for the next trait on the key keeping the DNA strips in order! Use the highlighters to color code your Dog DNA recipe to match the color of the DNA strips you chose in order. When finished, place all strips back into the envelope. Draw your dog with all of its traits circled on your organizer *Do your best! It’s okay if you don’t think you can draw well. 

TedEd video clip: DNA-The Book of You https://youtu.be/aeAL6xThfL8

Mind Stretcher 2-15-17 What do the 4 symbols on the activity’s colored gene strips represent on our real DNA? *Get out your 6-1 HW & keep on your desk. The chemical bases making up our DNA: Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G)

TedEd video clip: DNA-The Book of You https://youtu.be/aeAL6xThfL8

Comparing our activity to “Real Life” DOG ACTIVITY REAL LIFE Dog had 1 chromosome Humans have 23 PAIRS of chromosomes (46) Dog had only 8 genes (body size, hair, etc.) Humans have over 22,000 genes 4 chemical bases represented by 4 symbols Chemical bases include Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G) 4 colors of paper represented different forms or “flavors” of a gene called ALLELES Only 1 gene influenced dog’s inherited trait Typically, traits are influence by MORE than one gene & even environmental factors We have3 billion pairs or bases!

Gallery Walk: Observing our Dogs’ Traits As you walk around the room, pay attention to the DNA molecule for each dog. EX: What do all dogs with an ORANGE 1st gene have in common? (Medium, very muscular, short body shape!) Are any dogs exactly alike? What similarities do you see? What differences do you see?

Activity Summarizer- Are any two dogs alike? Explain. How does this happen if we all are using the same set of genes from the parents? (same DNA in envelope) They share some traits in common with others, but each has an overall unique combination of traits Variations in each DNA strand (the sequence of symbols) led to the inheritance of different traits.

Yesterday we learned… All individuals of a species have the same genes in the same order along their chromosomes. This is what allows researchers to “map” the location of a gene to a specific place on a chromosome. The Human Genome Project mapped out the entire set of genes! Let’s see how…

The Human Genome Project https://youtu.be/MvuYATh7Y74

Ch. 5-1 Mendel and His Peas Open to Ch. 5-1 in your textbook (p. 114) Follow along in the book as you listen to the audio. I will pause the audio at each major section (RED titles) You can then pick up pencils and answer questions in that section Pencils are DOWN when audio is playing! (due FRI)

How does DNA Work? Open to Ch. 6-2 in your textbook (p. 148) Follow along in the book as you listen to the audio. I will pause the audio at each major section (RED titles) You can then pick up pencils and answer questions in that section Pencils are DOWN when audio is playing! (due FRI)