1. Do now activity #1
What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
What is the difference between a dominant allele and a recessive allele?
Name at least 3 different types of traits a dog can have.
What is the difference between a homozygous allele pairs and heterozygous allele pairs?

2. Section 3-1: from parents to offspring
Essential Question:
How do offspring receive the genetic information from parents?
Why do offspring look similar to their parents?
Keywords: meiosis, gametes, alleles, genotype, phenotype
Section 3-1: from parents to offspring
Learning Target
Explain the role of DNA and chromosomes in passing traits from parents to offspring.

3. Don’t forget to chunk your notes!

4. Overview
Genetics
The scientific study of heredity, how traits are passed down from parent to offspring

5. Gregor Mendel is considered the Father of Genetics.
overview
Gregor Mendel is considered the Father of Genetics.

6. The foundation of genetics is based off of a pea plant!
overview
The foundation of genetics is based off of a pea plant!

7. Mendel studied genetics by working in a garden that had ___ _____ .
overview
Mendel studied genetics by working in a garden that had ___ _____ .
Pea plants
pea
plants

8. overview
He studied their ____. He observed the ____ he could see and the ones he could not see.
traits
traits
traits

9. Look at your vocabulary!
Discussion question
What is a trait?
Look at your vocabulary!
A specific characteristic

10. Discussion answer Eye color Hair color Tall vs. Short
Trait: a specific characteristic that can change from one individual to another
Examples:
Eye color
Hair color
Tall vs. Short

11. Don’t forget to chunk your notes!

12. predicting traits
Mendel had 7 true-breeding pea plants. These types of plants produce offspring that are identical to the parents.

13. Predicting traits
Mendel cross bred his true-breeding (homozygous) plants with differences in the same trait. `
Example: Tall vs. Short T t

14. Predicting traits
Mendel cross bred his true-breeding (homozygous) plants with differences in the same trait. `
Example: Tall vs. Short T t T t

15. Predicting traits
Mendel cross bred his true-breeding (homozygous) plants with differences in the same trait. `
Example: Tall vs. Short T t T t T t

16. Predicting traits
Mendel cross bred his true-breeding (homozygous) plants with differences in the same trait. `
Example: Tall vs. Short T t T t T t T t

17. How come the offspring genotypes were NOT identical to the parents?
discussion question
How come the offspring genotypes were NOT identical to the parents?

18. discussion answer
The genotypes from both parents were different from each other.
Each parent plant passed down one allele to the offspring.
The offspring received one from “mom plant” & one from “dad plant”.

19. Don’t forget to chunk your notes!

20. Section 3-1: from parents to offspring
Essential Question:
How do offspring receive the genetic information from parents?
Why do offspring look similar to their parents?
Keywords: meiosis, gametes, alleles, genotype, phenotype
Section 3-1: from parents to offspring
Learning Target
Explain the role of DNA and chromosomes in passing traits from parents to offspring.

21. During ______ , sex cells are created.
Passing on traits
meiosis
During ______ , sex cells are created.
meiosis

22. Passing on traits
Sperm/egg
The male gamete is known as _____. The female gamete is known as _____.
sperm
egg

23. These sperm and egg contain DNA in the form of _________ .
Passing on traits
chromosomes
These sperm and egg contain DNA in the form of _________ .
chromosomes

24. These chromosomes contain genetic (genes) information.
Passing on traits
These chromosomes contain genetic (genes) information.

25. Genes are found in DNA. They code for the _____ organisms have.
Passing on traits
traits
Genes are found in DNA. They code for the _____ organisms have.
traits

26. Don’t forget to chunk your notes!

27. Section 3-1: from parents to offspring
Essential Question:
How do offspring receive the genetic information from parents?
Why do offspring look similar to their parents?
Keywords: meiosis, gametes, alleles, genotype, phenotype
Section 3-1: from parents to offspring
Learning Target
Explain the role of DNA and chromosomes in passing traits from parents to offspring.

28. From: parents, to: offspring
Alleles: different forms of a gene (codes for trait).
Alleles occur in pairs.

29. From: parents, to: offspring
Mendel cross bred his true-breeding (homozygous) plants with differences in the same trait. `
Example: Tall vs. Short T t T t T t T t

30. From: parents, to: offspring
Crossing homozygous plants with differences in the same trait gave Mendel heterozygous (hybrid) offspring.
Hybrid: cross between parents with different forms of a trait
cyclins

31. Question! How is it possible to have 100% TALL
pea plant offspring when the parent genes were
50% Tall and 50% Short?
cyclins

33. Practice question
In humans, tongue rolling is dominant over non-tongue rolling. Use a Punnett square to predict the probability of having a non- tongue rolling baby for a cross between a person heterozygous for tongue rolling and a person who is homozygous for non-tongue rolling.
cyclins

34. Practice question Heterozygous for tongue rolling And T t
homozygous for non-tongue rolling.
T t t
T t
t t
cyclins
T t
t t

35. There is a 50% chance that the baby will be able to roll its tongue.
Practice question
There is a 50% chance that the baby will be able to roll its tongue.
T t t
T t
t t
cyclins
T t
t t

36. Practice question
There is a 50% chance that the baby will NOT be able to roll its tongue.
T t t
T t
t t
cyclins
T t
t t