IMPERIALISM AND AMERICA CHAPTER 10 SECTION 1 IMPERIALISM AND AMERICA

IMPERIALISM Policy in which stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker territories Three factors would give rise to American imperialism: 1) desire for military strength 2) thirst for new markets 3) belief in cultural superiority

#1 Desire for military strength U.S. wanted to build up its military strength just as other countries were doing around the world U.S. built 9 ships-turned the country into the world’s 3rd largest naval power.

U.S.S. MAINE

#2 Thirst for new markets Technology allowed farmers and factories to produce more than U.S. citizens could consume. U.S. needed raw materials for its factories and new markets for its agricultural & manufactured goods.

Imperialists viewed foreign trade as the solution to American overproduction and the problems of unemployment.

#3 Belief in cultural superiority The idea of Social Darwinism with the belief in the racial superiority of Anglo-Saxons led to the belief that the U.S. had a responsibility to spread Christianity and “civilization” to the world’s “inferior peoples”.

MANIFEST DESTINY A phrase that expressed the belief that the U.S. had a mission to expand, spreading its form of democracy and freedom.

Secretary of State Purchased Alaska from Russia for $7 Secretary of State Purchased Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million in 1867 1959-Alaska became a state WILLIAM SEWARD

MONROE DOCTRINE Named after President James Monroe

Warned all European powers not to attempt to create new colonies in the Western Hemisphere. The U.S. would consider this action “dangerous to our peace and safety”. At the same time, the U.S. would not involve itself in European affairs or interfere with existing European colonies.

1867-U.S. took over the Midway Islands. This island would later become a refueling station for the U.S. naval fleet

Hawaii had become economically important to the U.S. Many Americans moved to Hawaii and became sugar planters who sold most of their crop to the U.S. Mid-19th century-American-owned sugar plantations accounted for ¾ of the island’s wealth.

1875-U.S. agreed to import Hawaiian sugar duty-free. McKinley Tariff of 1890-eliminated the duty-free status of Hawaiian sugar. Hawaiian sugar growers now faced competition in the American market.

The American planters in Hawaii wanted the U. S The American planters in Hawaii wanted the U.S. to annex the islands so they wouldn’t have to pay the duty. What does annex mean? To take over a territory that is smaller and weaker.

1887-the U. S. pressured the Hawaiian government to allow the U. S 1887-the U.S. pressured the Hawaiian government to allow the U.S. to build a naval base at Pearl Harbor-Hawaii’s best port. It would also become a refueling station for the naval fleet.

PEARL HARBOR

QUEEN LYDIA LILIUOKALANI THE LAST HAWAIIAN MONARCH

QUEEN LYDIA LILUOKALANI Removed from power by American planters in 1893.

SANFORD DOLE Dole led the revolution which overthrew Queen Liliuokalani.

August 12, 1898-Congress proclaimed Hawaii as an American territory. 1959-Hawaii became the 50th state

PACIFIC OCEAN