Chapter-6 Work, Power, Energy

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter-6 Work, Power, Energy Work and Power Kinetic Energy Potential Energy: Gravitational & Elastic Conservation of Energy Energy Transformations Energy and the Pole Vault

Work Work done in moving an object by a force is defined as follows: Work = Force  Distance. W = F  d. Here the force acts along the distance. Work is a scalar. The SI unit for work is, N.m = joule = J Q: Ramps enable loading easy. Explain why? (SP6, Hwk)

Does any force do work? W = F  d E5: a. Work done by the 30 N force? b. Work done by the 40 N force? c. Work done by the 50 N force? Q: Work done in pushing an immobile wall?

Power The rate at which work is done is called the power. Power is a scalar quantity. The SI unit for power is Watt, W. 1 W = 1 J/s. Before the arrival of machines horses were used to do work. With this originated the unit horsepower, hp. 1 hp = 746 W = 550 ft•lb/s. Why mountain roads are made round and round not straight up?

Kinetic Energy Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. The word “kinetic” originated from the Greek word kinetikos, meaning “motion”. If an object of mass, m moves with a velocity v, then the kinetic energy, KE is given by the following equation, Kinetic energy is a scalar quantity. It also has the same unit as work, joule (J). 1 J = 1 kg.m2/s2. Do problem E7 (Hwk).

W = F  d = KEf  KEi. Positive work Negative work

Gravitational Potential Energy Gravitational potential energy, GPE is the energy stored in an object as a result of its height. It can be calculated using weight, which is mass times gravity, and height. It is given by the following equation, Gravitational potential energy is a scalar quantity. The SI unit for it is also joule, J.

Elastic Potential energy Elastic potential energy is the energy stored in elastic materials as the result of their stretching or compressing. How shock absorbers work?

Conservation of Energy The swing of the pendulum demonstrates the principle of conservation of energy. Mechanical energy = KE + PE In the absence of friction and air drag, the total mechanical energy of a system remains a constant. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BVxEEn3w688

How is energy analysis like accounting? Try SP5, Hwk.

Energy: Forms and Transformations

Energy Transformations in Pole Vault (p114, textbook) Forms of Energy: Energy Transformations:

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