Instrumentation, Equipment, and Supplies CHAPTER 10 Instrumentation, Equipment, and Supplies

Objectives After studying this chapter, you will be able to: Explain the relationship between instrumentation, equipment, and supplies and with quality patient care in the operating room (OR) Explain the relationship between instruments, equipment, and supplies and the OR environment with safety concepts

Objectives (cont’d.) Indicate items that require sterilization prior to use in the sterile field Recognize basic instruments by type, function, and name Demonstrate proper care, handling, and assembly of instruments Differentiate the types of special equipment utilized in OR practice and demonstrate proper care, handling techniques, and safety precautions

Objectives (cont’d.) Cite the names and functions of accessory equipment and demonstrate proper care, handling, and assembly Collect and prepare supplies used in the OR

Accessory Equipment Suction system components Vacuum source Vacuum source tubing Collection unit Tubing Suction tip

Lights Good lighting White fluorescent overhead lights Necessary for any surgical procedure Refer to Figure 10-19 White fluorescent overhead lights Provide general illumination for the room Ceiling-mounted overhead operating lights Provide focused lighting for precision illumination during the surgical procedure

Pneumatic Tourniquets Tourniquet purposes Amount of blood lost is minimized Visualization of the surgical site is improved Electrically operated pneumatic tourniquet components Cuff, tubing, pressure device, and power source

Pneumatic Tourniquets The amount of blood lost by the patient is minimized.

Sequential Compression Devices (SCD) Components Compressor that is electrically operated Connecting tubing One or more sleeves that enclose that patient’s limb(s) Uses Prevent venous stasis Treat edema

Supplies Drape materials Drape types Nonwoven fabrics Woven textile fabrics Plastic adhesive drapes Drape types Fenestrated Nonfenestrated Stockinettes

Sterile Packs Basic sterile pack components Highly specialized Mayo stand cover Two gowns Suture bag Four sticky paper drapes for square draping Two paper towels for hand drying Highly specialized Most surgical specialties have one or more specific sterile packs

Surgical Sponges Sponge uses Absorb blood and tissue fluids Blunt dissection of tissues Protect important structures

Surgical dressings Applied to most wounds Several functions

Sponges and Dressings (cont’d.) Dressing types Biologic dressings Skin grafts One-layer dressing Three-layer dressing Pressure dressing Bulky dressing Rigid dressings Specialty dressings

Catheters, Tubes, and Drains Used to remove fluid or other objects Urinary catheters: typically used to drain urine, but may have other applications Intravascular catheters: used to infuse fluids, obtain a diagnosis, monitor body functions, and remove thrombi Specialty catheters: several types

Urinary catheters

Catheters, Tubes, and Drains (cont’d.) Used to remove air and fluids from the body for the purpose of decompression Gastrointestinal tubes: used to aspirate air and fluids from the gastrointestinal tract Airway tubes: used to maintain patency of the upper respiratory tract Chest tubes: inserted percutaneously through a “stab” wound to treat pneumothorax or following cardiothoracic surgical procedures to evacuate air and fluid from the pleural space

Catheters, Tubes, and Drains (cont’d.) Used to evacuate air and fluids from a surgical or traumatic wound Passive drains: allow a pathway for fluid or air to move from an area of high pressure to one of lower pressure Active drains: make use of negative pressure

Irrigators and Syringes Used to irrigate wounds, aspirate fluids, or inject medications Made of plastic or glass Vary in sizes Include: insulin syringes, tuberculin syringes, three-ring or control syringes, and irrigation syringes

Summary This chapter reviewed: The relationship between instrumentation, equipment, and supplies and with quality patient care in the operating room Basic instruments by types and functions Proper care, handling, and assembly of instruments Special equipment utilized in OR practice Supplies used in the OR