CHAPTER 1 Laws and Their Ethical Foundation 4/23/2018 CHAPTER 1 Laws and Their Ethical Foundation 1-1 Laws and Legal Systems 1-2 Types of Laws 1-3 Ethical Bases for Laws

1-1 Laws and Legal Systems GOALS Explain the stages in the growth of law Describe the differences between common law and positive law Identify the origin of the U.S. legal system Chapter 1

FOCUS Make a list of rules the school enforces. Make a second list of rules you must live by in your families. How do these rules affect your life? Which rules would you like to change? Why? How would the changes affect you, your family, or school? Chapter 1

WHAT IS LAW? Stages in the growth of law Common law versus positive law Chapter 1

How does common law differ from positive law? Chapter 1

WHAT IS THE ORIGIN OF THE U.S. LEGAL SYSTEM? English common law King’s Bench Jury An example Advantages of English common law Equity: An alternative to common law Chapter 1

On which early legal system is the U.S. legal system based? Chapter 1

1-2 Types of Laws GOALS Identify the four sources of law Discuss how to resolve conflicts between different sources of laws Compare and contrast criminal and civil law, and substantive and procedural law Chapter 1

FOCUS What is law? Chapter 1

WHAT ARE THE SOURCES OF LAW? Constitutions Statutes Case law Administrative regulations Chapter 1

What are the four sources of law? Chapter 1

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN LAWS CONFLICT? Constitutions and validity Statutes and validity Administrative regulations and validity Case law and validity Chapter 1

Which source of law in the United States is the highest authority? Chapter 1

WHAT ARE THE MAIN TYPES OF LAWS? Civil and criminal laws Procedural and substantive laws Business law Uniform business laws Chapter 1

Compare and contrast criminal and civil law and substantive and procedural law. Chapter 1

TYPES OF LAW Constitutional law Based on constitutions Statutes Enacted by legislative bodies Administrative law Rulings by administrative agencies Civil law Addresses wrongs done to individuals Criminal law Addresses wrongs done to society Procedural law Deals with methods of enforcing legal rights and duties Substantive law Defines legal rights and duties Business law Rules that apply to business transactions Chapter 1

1-3 Ethical Bases for Laws GOALS Define ethics Compare and contrast ethics based on consequences with ethics based on systems of rules Discuss ways in which ethics are reflected in laws Chapter 1

FOCUS What does ethics mean? Chapter 1

ETHICS AND THE LAW Basic forms of ethical reasoning Consequences-based ethical reasoning Rule-based ethical reasoning Ethics reflected in laws Chapter 1

In the U.S. system of democracy, how are ethics reflected in laws? Chapter 1 4/23/2018 In the U.S. system of democracy, how are ethics reflected in laws? Chapter 1