LANDING GEAR SYSTEMS THIS TRAINING MANUAL HAS BEEN PREPARED FOR MAINTENANCE TECHNICIANS AND DOES NOT SUPERSEEDED INFORMATION CONTAINED IN APPLICABLE AIRCRAFT DOCUMENTS

LEARNING OBJECTIVE Will have a knowledge and demonstrate of: Landing gear system components, safety warning indication, system operation and maintenance. Page 2 Aug 2007 2

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Page 3 Aug 2007 3

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Aircraft Landing Gear, consists: Main Landing Gear. Auxiliary Landing Gear. Where may or may not be retractable. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta )

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Main Landing Gear forms the principle support of the aircraft on land or water (include any combination of wheels, floats, skis, shock-absorbing, brake, retract mechanism, controls and warnings). (Copper is an example of a malleable meta )

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 6 Page 6 Aug 2007 6

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Auxiliary Landing Gear, consists of tail or nose wheel; skids; necessary cowling. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta )

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Tricycle landing gear retractable are arrangement with the Main Gears and Nose Gear. Main gear consist of two oleo/pneumatic struts with pair of wheels and brakes. Nose gear steerable oleo/pneumatic. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 8 Aug 2007 8

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Some of aircraft have dual wheels on strut and more than two wheels referred to as “bogie”. Retraction and extension by hydraulic with selector lever in the flight compartment. Alternate extension can be mechanically, pneumatic compressor air. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 9 Aug 2007 9

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta )

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Shock strut contains hydraulic that support aircraft on the ground and protect structure by absorbing shock load. Consists of two telescopic cylinder (inner and outer). Lower chamber always filled with fluid, the upper chamber contains compressed air. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta )

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Orifice/metering pin between two chamber provides a passage of fluid during extension retraction.

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Controlling the rate of fluid flow during compression. Damping or snubbing on some shock strut equipped to reduce the rebound during extension prevent rapidly extension of shock strut. Axle on shock strut to provide for installation of wheels. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta )

(Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Fluid filler and air valve assembly to provide of filling the strut with hydraulic and inflating air.

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta )

Packing gland designed to seal sliding also to keep sliding surface free form dirt would result in leaks. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta )

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Shock struts are equipped with torque arm/link attached to upper and lower cylinders to maintain correct alignment of the wheel. Nose strut provided with upper locating cam attached to upper cylinder and a mating lower locating cam (centering cam), this cam lineup to straight of wheel when strut fully extended; prevent possible structural damage. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 17 Aug 2007 17

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM When strut extends contacting slopping area centering contact and slides, so aligns and rotates the nose gear into a straight a head direction. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 18 Aug 2007 18

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Shimmy damper attached on gear struts self-contained hydraulic to prevent wheel fast left-right/flutter (oscillation) during rolling, accomplished by metering of hydraulic fluid through small orifice of two chamber. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 19 Aug 2007 19

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 20 Page 20 Aug 2007 20

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Shimmy Damper (Nose wheel). Control vibration or shimmy through hydraulic damping and prevent shimmy during take-off roll. Piston type. Vane type. Incorporated in the nose wheel power steering. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 21 Aug 2007 21

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 22 Page 22 Aug 2007 22

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Van type located just above nose wheel fork may be mounted either internally or externally. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 23 Aug 2007 23

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Steer damper is hydraulically operated, basically containing rotary van-type (similar to vane-type). (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 24 Aug 2007 24

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Servicing shock strut: Jacking the aircraft. Release air valve slowly (ensure the strut compress). Fill the strut with approved fluid to the level service. Inflate the strut using nitrogen air pressure. Tighten the air valve. Inspect shock strut for leakage and proper extension. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 25 Aug 2007 25

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 26 Page 26 Aug 2007 26

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Torque Link-keep the landing gear straight is attached to upper cylinder and lower cylinder of shock strut. Links are hinged while the cylinder can move up and down. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 27 Aug 2007 27

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM The strut attached to the structure to enable the strut swing. Drag struts are hinged so the landing gear can be retracted. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 28 Aug 2007 28

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM An electric gear retraction, using motor converts electrical energy to rotation. Control by switch, the motor movement be reverse while gear to down. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 29 Aug 2007 29

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 30 Page 30 Aug 2007 30

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 31 Page 31 Aug 2007 31

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 32 Page 32 Aug 2007 32

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 33 Page 33 Aug 2007 33

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 34 Page 34 Aug 2007 34

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 35 Page 35 Aug 2007 35

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 36 Page 36 Aug 2007 36

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 37 Page 37 Aug 2007 37

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 38 Page 38 Aug 2007 38

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 39 Page 39 Aug 2007 39

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Landing gear safety devices. Prevent collapse the gear when the aircraft is on the ground. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 40 Aug 2007 40

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 41 Page 41 Aug 2007 41

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM To provide a visual indication of landing gear position, indicators are installed in flight compartment. A horn and lights comes on when one or more throttles retarded and landing gear is other than down and lock. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 42 Aug 2007 42

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM NOSE GEAR NOSE GEAR LEFT GEAR RIGHT GEAR LEFT GEAR UP OFF DN L A N D I G E R (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 43 Aug 2007 43

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM NOSE GEAR NOSE GEAR LEFT GEAR RIGHT GEAR LEFT GEAR UP OFF DN L A N D I G E R (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 44 Aug 2007 44

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM NOSE GEAR NOSE GEAR LEFT GEAR RIGHT GEAR LEFT GEAR UP OFF DN L A N D I G E R (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 45 Aug 2007 45

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM NOSE GEAR NOSE GEAR LEFT GEAR RIGHT GEAR LEFT GEAR UP OFF DN L A N D I G E R (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 46 Aug 2007 46

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM NOSE GEAR NOSE GEAR LEFT GEAR RIGHT GEAR LEFT GEAR UP OFF DN L A N D I G E R (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 47 Aug 2007 47

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM NOSE GEAR NOSE GEAR LEFT GEAR RIGHT GEAR LEFT GEAR UP OFF DN L A N D I G E R (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 48 Aug 2007 48

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Ground Lock. Prevent collapse the gear when the aircraft is on the ground, additional safety devices are installed (ground lock pins) which have red tape REMOVE BEFORE FLIGHT. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 49 Aug 2007 49

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 50 Page 50 Aug 2007 50

Steering system, provide nose wheel steering capabilities through mechanical linkage to the rudder pedal. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 51 Aug 2007 51

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Brake system used for slowing, stopping, holding or steering aircraft. Brakes are installed in each main landing gear wheel, entire brake system inspected about supply hydraulic pressure. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 52 Aug 2007 52

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Three type brake systems are: Independent systems. Power control systems. Power boost systems. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 53 Aug 2007 53

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Three type brake systems are: Independent systems. On small aircraft it has own reservoir and is independent of the hydraulic system. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 54 Aug 2007 54

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Three type brake systems are: Power control systems. Used on aircraft requiring a large volume of fluid to operate brake. A check valve traps hydraulic pressure accumulator which store fluid pressure and acts as a surge. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Control valves regulate and control pressure to actuates the brakes. Shuttle valve isolating the emergency system for the normal brake system. Page 55 Aug 2007 55

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM A pressure ball-check power brake control valve. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 56 Aug 2007 56

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Sliding spool type power brake control valve. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 57 Aug 2007 57

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 58 Page 58 Aug 2007 58

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Power boost system. Brake the de-booster cylinder are used with power brake control valve on aircraft with a high pressure hydraulic system and low pressure brakes. Brake de-booster cylinder reduce pressure to the brake and increase the volume of fluid flow. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 59 Aug 2007 59

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Three type brake systems are: Power boost systems. Are used on aircraft that land too fast to employ the independent brake but are too light in weight to require power brake control valve. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 60 Aug 2007 60

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 61 Page 61 Aug 2007 61

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM BRAKE ASSEMBLY, common used are: Single-disk. Dual-disk. Multiple-disk. Segmented rotor or expander tube. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 62 Aug 2007 62

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 63 Page 63 Aug 2007 63

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Single-disk and Dual-disk are commonly use on small aircraft. Multiple-disk normally used on medium aircraft. Segmented rotor or expander tube found on heavier aircraft. Braking action on Single-disk by applying friction to both sides of rotating disk. Dual-disk similar to the single-disk. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 64 Aug 2007 64

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 65 Page 65 Aug 2007 65

(Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 66 Aug 2007 66

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 67 Page 67 Aug 2007 67

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Inspection and Maintenance. Proper fluid level to prevent brake failure or air into the system, removed by bleeding the system. Two methods of bleeding brake system: From top downward (gravity method) Bottom upward (pressure method) (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 68 Aug 2007 68

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 69 Page 69 Aug 2007 69

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM WHEELS. Provide the mounting for tires which absorb shock on landing, support the aircraft on ground and assist ground control during taxi, take-off and landing. Wheels usually made from aluminum or magnesium, provide strong, light weight; there are: Split wheel (most popular) Removable type. Drop center fixed flange type. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 70 Aug 2007 70

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Split type (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Split type Page 71 Aug 2007 71

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Removable type (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Removable type Page 72 Aug 2007 72

Fixed flange, drop center type LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Fixed flange, drop center type Page 73 Aug 2007 73

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM A x B R C A x B - C TIRES. Aircraft tires tubeless or tube type, that provide a cushion of air help absorb the shocks. Tire construction with a size designation of 26 x 6.6 26 inches outside diameter (A). 6.6 inches width (B). 10 inches rim diameter (C). (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) A x B R C A x B - C Page 74 Aug 2007 74

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Tubeless tire similar to tube tire, they have a rubber inner liner that mated to the inside surface of tire for retain air. Beaded area is designed to form a seal with the wheel flange. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 75 Aug 2007 75

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Wear indicators built into some tires as an aid in measuring tread wear. These indicators are holes in the tread area lands in the bottom of groove. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 76 Aug 2007 76

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Cord body, multiple layers to provide flexible and give tire strength, resist internal pressure, maintain tire shape. Ply rating refer to the number of cord fabric plies. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 77 Aug 2007 77

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Cord body, multiple layers to provide flexible and give tire strength, resist internal pressure, maintain tire shape. Breakers are one or more plies of cord to provide extra reinforce prevent damage of tire. (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) Page 78 Aug 2007 78

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM (Copper is an example of a malleable meta ) 79 Page 79 Aug 2007 79