PLANTATION

Layout of a PLANTATION

What crops were grown on American plantations?

TRIANGULAR TRADE SYSTEM

Transatlantic Slave Trade In 1492, Columbus landed in the “New World”, beginning the transatlantic slave trade. Spanish adventurers arrived in the following years, enslaving Natives to search for gold and silver. Natives were weakened by disease, malnutrition, and Spanish cruelty. Around 1520, the first African slaves arrived in the Americas off of Portuguese ships.

TRIANGULAR TRADE SYSTEM a trading system during colonial times when goods were imported and exported among three geographical regions across the Atlantic Ocean

Reasons why Native Americans did not make good slaves Were not as physically fit for the labor Knew the land well and would escape Refused to work Most died from diseases

Reason why Africans made good slaves * Unaware of their Environment * physically fit for the work * knew how to farm * permanent source of cheap labor * immune to most European diseases

What do you think life aboard a slave ship would have been like? MIDDLE PASSAGE Encourage students to imagine and visualize all aspects of the months spent on a slave ship by both those enslaved and those in control. Make sure they consider all senses, and respond with what they think they would see, hear, smell, feel, etc. What do you think life aboard a slave ship would have been like?

●Slaves were packed into ships on numerous wooden platforms between decks. ●These decks were generally around 4x6, with little head room. ●Slaves suffered from scrapes, bruises, and infections from lying on these bare, unsanitary planks.

Slaves were confined by leg irons while on the ship. They were often tortured with whip beating and iron collars.

●Conditions below deck were crowded and unsanitary ●Conditions below deck were crowded and unsanitary. The wooden holding areas were covered with excrement, blood, and filth. Slaves were given tubs in which to relieve themselves. ●Due to these poor conditions, many slaves suffered and died from diseases such as dysentery, dehydration, smallpox, and gastrointestinal diseases. ●Many slaves committed suicide by jumping overboard or refusing to eat. Iron poles were sometimes used force feed those enslaved.

15%-20% of slaves usually died on the journey to the Americas, generally taking several miserable months.

Estimated slave imports to the New World from 1610-1810 17th Century 18th Century Total Percent Spanish America 292,500 578,600 871,000 11.7 Brazil 560,000 1,891,400 2,451,400 33 British Caribbean 263,700 1,401,000 1,664,700 22.5 Dutch Caribbean 40,000 460,000 500,000 6.7 French Caribbean 155,800 1,348,400 1,504,200 20.3 Danish Caribbean 4,000 24,000 28,000 .4 British North America and Future United States 10,000 390,000 400,000 5.4 7,419,400 100

Countries have been trading goods since the beginning of civilization Countries have been trading goods since the beginning of civilization. Slavery and the slave trade had many major effects on global economy. Through triangle trade routes, trade flourished and therefore so did the economy. Triangle Trade was a system of trading slaves, labor, and goods throughout Africa and the American South. Slaves came from Africa and were delivered to places such as the West Indies, Brazil, and the American South.

Slavery and the slave trade however also had a negative effect Slavery and the slave trade however also had a negative effect. Conflicts arose among people throughout the world because slavery was viewed as being morally unacceptable. Slavery was eventually abloished as a result of the conflict leaving us with the triangle trading system we know today. Although a larger variety of goods are exchanged and more nations are involved with international trade, many of the same routes are still used today. Today however, slaves are no longer traded.

A positive effect of triangle trade was that it created a more stable economy. It also introduced international trading to other parts of the world. International trade routes helped to form relationships in commerce among coastal nations. International trading also improved the accessibility of goods from other countries.

“Triangle Trade Route” Ask students: -Based on this map, what do you think the Triangle Trade Route was? -How do you think each continent was effected by this trade? -We know that enslaved Africans were brought to the colonies once they began to form along the East Coast of North America. Infer how you think these enslaved humans effected the colonies. -What impact did slavery have on colonial economics?