Imperialism Unit 6, SSWH 15 d

How did industrialization lead to imperialism?

SSWH 15 d Describe imperialism in Africa and Asia by comparing British policies in Africa, French policies in Indochina, and Japanese policies in Asia; include the influence of geography and natural resources.

Nations Compete for Overseas Empires Imperialism—control/domination of a country or territory by a stronger country

Forms of Control 4 forms of imperialism colony protectorate sphere of influence economic Types of Management Indirect: limited self-rule Direct (2): Paternalism: Provide for locals but grant no rights Assimilation: adaptation of locals to ruling culture

Forces Driving Imperialism – European Superiority • Racism—belief that one race is better than others • Social Darwinism—survival of the fittest applied to human society

Promoting Imperialism Tech. inventions like steam engine, Maxim gun help conquest • Quinine protects Europeans from malaria

Scramble for Colonies in Africa Unit 6, SSWH 15 d

Congo Sparks Interest • King Leopold II of Belgium acquire land in Congo • Leopold brutally exploits Africans; millions die • Europe begins to claim parts of Africa causing tension

Berlin Conference Divides Africa – No Africans Invited To Meeting 14 nations agree on rules for division (1884–85) - countries must claim land & prove ability to control it Raw materials are greatest source of wealth in Africa • Businesses develop cash-crop plantations (no food) Only two countries remain Independent Liberia (USA influence) & and Ethiopia

Ethiopia: Resisted Colonization Menelik II: emperor who modernized country Stockpiles arsenal of modern weapons Defeats Italy, remains independent

Clashes In Africa British defeat Zulus & gain control of Zulu nation in 1887 Boers, Dutch farmers, take Africans’ land, establish large farms • Boer War (1899) Boers clash with British over land & slaves (found diamonds) – British win

1 Word Summary Describe in 1 word European Colonization of the African Continent. Explain why you chose that word. Looking on page 757 create your own map of the African Scramble

Imperialism in Southeast Asia Unit 6, SSWH 15 d

Race to Claim Pacific Rim Pacific Rim: Lands of Southeast Asia that border Pacific Ocean - establish trading ports (location) - land perfect for plantation agriculture (natural resources)

Indochina French directly control Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia Export rice, angering Vietnamese

Colonial Impact •Modernization: helps European businesses •Improve: Education, health, sanitation Millions migrate to Southeast Asia to work in mines, plantations •Colonialism leads to racial & religious clashes

Siam Remains Independent King Mongkut modernizes country: - starts schools - reforms legal system - reorganizes government - builds transportation & telegraph systems - ends slavery

U.S. Imperialism Spanish-American War Cuban Nationalist want independence Spain sends General Weyler…nicknamed the Butcher USS Maine sent to protect US business USS Maine is sunk in Havanna Harbor

Yellow Journalism…Joseph Pulitzler & William Randolph Heart “You furnish the pictures and I’ll furnish the war” Spain and USA declare War in 2 Oceans (Cuba/Puerto Rico-Atlanitc…Philippines/Gaum-Pacific) USA becomes Imperial Power…needs canal through Central America

Hawaii Becomes a Republic Americans establish sugar-cane plantations on Hawaii • U.S. business leaders want annexation—adding territory to country • Queen Liliuokalani tries to restore Hawaiian control • U.S. annexes Republic of Hawaii (1898)

3-2-1 3-Name 3 forms of Imperialism 2-Name 2 events that led to U.S. becoming an Imperial power 1-Name 1 impact of Imperialism