MODERN SMART NEW TECHNOLOGIES

ABOUT Optical Fibres Hydrogen Fuel Cells Surface Nanotechnologies Carbon Fibre Kevlar GRP

Your task: In your groups: Name & describe your given subject Give the advantages & disadvantages How does this technology work? What old technology has this replaced? What does the future lie with this?

OPTICAL FIBRES Also known as fibre optics are long lengths of a glasslike product having the qualities of flexibility and the ability of carrying vast amounts computer data or telephone calls across tremendous distances at even more impressive speeds, which is carried as light waves. This new technological concept first came about in the 1990’s where it steadily became more mainstream & virtually exploded onto the scene in the early noughties. Fibre Optics superseded the older technology of using copper wire. Disadvantages are few with the main ones being the expense of manufacturing it and the fragility of them. http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/aqa_pre_2011/radiation/ sendingrev1.shtml

HYDROGEN FUEL CELLS These have come to be real future possible solution for the generation of environmentally clean power. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oy8dzOB-Ykg The advantages of this are many and include being readily available, does not generate harmful emission, is efficient and is renewable. The unfortunate disadvantages being it is expensive generate, is flammable and difficult to store. Despite the downsides, mankind will have to overcome these as this method offers a real solution to dwindling fossil fuels.

SURFACE NANOTECHNOLOGIES Nanotechnology is the managing matter at a very small scale. Specifically, it is controlling matter at the atomic level. The particles of matter are known as Nanoparticle (1 Nano is equal to one Billionth) Nanoparticles of material are added to make everyday products suxh aa tennis rackets, golf clubs, socks and sunscreen. Advantages of this include improving the way certain material behave. Disadvantages could be that this method of technology could fall into the wrong hands and be misused or the nanoparticles could enter the bloodstream and cause potential harm to humans.

ADAVANCED MATERIALS Making products faster, stronger, smaller and lighter is driving the development of new and enhanced materials with properties out of reach of prior generations https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCyz6- taovlaOkPsPtK4KNEg?v=bbhTI7HLlaM

CARBON FIBRE Unique Properties of this material include its strength and weight benefits of this are it has the ability to give tremendous strength at a relatively low weight It is used for aircraft, satellites, Formula 1 cars, pressure vessels, specialized tools, wind turbine components and for reinforcing concrete in areas with a high risk of earthquakes.

CARBON FIBRE Carbon fibre is a relatively modern concept and has replaced the historically used metals that have be used as in applications previously mentioned. Advantages of using this are greater tensile and compression strength, thermal endurance (particularly at cold temps) and chemical resistance. Disadvantages are less flexibility and the cost of manufacturing it.

PLASTIC GEARWHEEL REINFORCED WITH CARBON FIBRE

KEVLAR This is a synthetic fibre of high tensile strength used especially as a reinforcing agent in the manufacture of tyres and other rubber products. It also has the property of toughness and has the strength to weight ratio of being five times greater than steel. Kevlar is used for making body armour, racing boat sails, F1 car panels and fighter jet wing parts. Technological developments will be this product more used in aerospace engineering.

KEVLAR Like carbon fibre, Kevlar has taken the place of applications that metal was previously used within, the same is with rubber (with hoses and tyres) Advantages of using Kevlar include being extremely strong, lightweight and ability to be blended with other materials. Disadvantages are it is moisture absorbent, does not resist compressive force well, is difficult to cut / shape and reacts badly to sunlight.

KEVLAR

KEVLAR PENETRATION TEST Very interesting………. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CDfehw6LIR0

GRP GRP (Glass Reinforced Plastic as it is known) or Fibreglass as it is more commonly known as is composed of strands of glass. Each individual glass fibre is very fine with a small diameter, and they are woven to form a flexible fabric. This product is lightweight and has good thermal insulation properties, along with a high strength to weight ratio. Product made from include canoes, car bodies and a limited amount of aeroplane parts. Technological developments with fibreglass will include getting the raw plastic from a plant based source rather than crude oil.

GRP The technology the GRP has replaced is among other things plain old standard concrete. In instance a badly crumbling bridge was replaced by one made from Fibreglass. Other applications now using GRP are larger diameter water pipes and food industry storage systems Advantages of using GRP is its strength and durability, ease of manufacture for different items and is cheap in unit costs. Disadvantages include after construction of a unit made of GRP, this requires coating of a resin which can be an irritant and takes time to dry, the fibre from a freshly made unit can also be an irritant to the skin.

GRP

Name & describe your given subject Give the advantages & disadvantages How does this technology work? What old technology has this replaced? What does the future lie with this?

REFERENCES http://gizmodo.com/plastic-gears-reinforced-with-carbon-fiber- could-replac-1699417719 https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-advantages-and- disadvantages-of-using-carbon-fiber-in-place-of-fiber-glass http://www.technologystudent.com/joints/kevlar.html http://www.carbonmods.co.uk/Products/Flexible-Carbon-Kevlar- Sheet__CMFLEXCKS.aspx http://materialstechnology.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.a spx?articleid=1427417 http://www.iwc.co.za/article-glass-reinforced-plastic.html

REFERENCES http://www.pro-laminates.co.uk/what-is-grp.html http://www.healthyheating.com/Building-Science/Building- materials.htm#.Vshfi4_XLIU http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/aqa_pre_2011/ra diation/sendingrev1.shtml http://www.timbercon.com/history-of-fiber-optics/ http://auto.howstuffworks.com/fuel-efficiency/alternative- fuels/fuel-cell.htm http://greengarageblog.org/11-big-advantages-and-disadvantages- of-hydrogen-fuel-cells

REFERENCES http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/21c/materials_ch oices/nanotechnologyrev1.shtml http://www.yourdictionary.com/nanotechnology http://www.microscopemaster.com/nanotechnology.html