Communication Transfer of information from one entity to another.

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Animal and Human Communication What is language and are humans the only ones who have it?

Communication Transfer of information from one entity to another. Types of communication include: Chemical/Hormonal (within our bodies) Electrical (eg. Fish) Tactile Visual Auditory

16 Features of Language Uses the Vocal-auditory channel - can be done while doing other things Uses broadcast transmission - need not see speaker to understand message Uses directional reception - stereoscopic sound locates speaker Interchangeabiliby - each is capable of saying what any other says - not so male vs female signals in other animals

16 Features of Language 5) Complete feedback - speaker hears self and monitors message 6) Specialization - is used for no other purpose than communication 7) Semanticity – many complex symbols tied to exact meanings 8) Arbitrariness - no intrinsic relationship between symbols and their meanings

16 Features of Language 9) Discreteness - no continuous sounds (eg. sirens) 10) Displacement - can talk about the past, or about things not present spatially 11) Open system - can make unique new statements and be understood 12) Duality of patterning - sound and meaning are linked

16 Features of Language 13) Cultural transmission - no genetic inheritance of specific rules/sounds/meanings 14) Prevarication - can lie - most animals cannot 15) Reflexiveness - we use language to discuss language 16) Learnability - can learn multiple language

Animal Communication Bees http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-7ijI-g4jHg

Vervet Monkeys Four distinct calls for four different preditors: Python Baboon Leopard Eagles

Some Animals Not Covered Here WHALES DOLPHINS ELEPHANTS BATS PRAIRIE DOGS BABOONS

Animals Considered Here PARROTS APES Common Chimps Bonobo Chimps Orangutans Gorillas

Animal Communication Is it language? EARLY SIGNING CHIMPS ALEX and ME http://www.cbsnews.com/videos/talk-to-the-animals/ 13 minutes ALEX and ME https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=irene+pepperberg+video&&view=detail&mid=7965E8242516AEA4426B7965E8242516AEA4426B&rvsmid=F23B88CC49B72ED43749F23B88CC49B72ED43749&fsscr=0&FORM=VDQVAP 17 minutes THE GENTLE GENIUS OF BONOBOS https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=ted+talks+sue+savage+rumbaugh&view=detail&mid=1C729CE43D494FC8AAF91C729CE43D494FC8AAF9&FORM=VIRE 17 minutes CHANTEC and LYNN MILES https://youtu.be/q2pisrdO2TQ 17 Minutes MICHAEL’S STORY https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=gorilla+michael%27s+story+video&view=detail&mid=EF012336215678B131E5EF012336215678B131E5&FORM=VIRE KOKO LOVES KITTENS https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=gorilla+koko+loves+kittens+video&&view=detail&mid=2E3D8AF1E23A07C6B4412E3D8AF1E23A07C6B441&FORM=VRDGAR