WIGOS Surface 2040 WIS strategy and drivers

WIS Status https://wiswiki.wmo.int/WIS-Status

WIS Status Part A: Evolution of the GTS and opening to all programmes. Yes, but still difficult for new contributors to benefit Part B: New functionality of WIS Discovery metadata driven Implemented Need better and more diverse metadata entries Knowledge of how to use and benefit from WIS still too low. Part C. Information management Again this is for all WMO programmes.

WIS Implementation Level of national implementation by region (Percentage of region responses) National WIS knowledge by Region (Percentage of region responses) So just how far have Members come. Here we can see that although the Members are showing an increase in WIS understanding across the regions, significant number of Members have little or only some of the new functionality in place. We really need to work on building WIS competencies and assisting Members to get them in place. 1 – Little or no knowledge of WIS 5 – Extensive knowledge of WIS

WIS Status Part A: Evolution of the GTS and opening to all programmes. Yes, but still difficult for new contributors to benefit Part B: New functionality of WIS Discovery metadata driven Implemented Need better and more diverse metadata entries Knowledge of how to use and benefit from WIS still too low. Part C. Information management Again this is for all WMO programmes.

Information activities WIS Part C Information LifeCycle Information activities Create Store Share Use Archive Destroy Cg-17 tasked CBS to lead in reviewing and documenting all information management practices across WMO Inter-commission task team on WIS supported TCs participation in achieving this. Developing guides on information practices will be a key deliverable over next four to six years

Drivers and Challenges for WIS 2.0 User Expectation Data Volumes and Complexity Costs Technology Trends Big Data Cloud Search Engines Messaging and Social Networking Internet of Things Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) and Web Services Open data

Last but not least - Cyber Security

User Expectation Easy to access and combine information from different communities Familiar interfaces, more social interaction, creative presentation using analytics New “dynamic” ways of making data available those underlying Twitter and Facebook. Users’ expectations driven by services provided by large global companies Eg Google, Amazon, … Increasingly challenging for Members to deliver services in expected ways Better to partner than try and match the innovation & development capabilities of Industry

Data Volumes and Complexity Larger, higher resolution, more frequent, more timely Satellite, Model output, Radar … NMHS access to new data sources Public and private, social networks, crowd sourcing, … Earth obs and modelling growing faster than telecommunication networks Challenge for processing, distribution and storage Fundamental change – take user to the data Use data sources and services in cloud and only download results

Costs Reducing budgets WIS 2.0 should enable Remove duplication Adopt rather than adapt or create Collaboration between NMHSs to share cost if adapting or creating WIS 2.0 should enable mechanisms to increase collaborative development, maintenance and support of services, promote the exchange of best practices, and enable the uptake of new technologies Altruistic policies on making data available NMHS are expected to support data services from projects Need for an Information Assurance framework Through out information life cycle.

Technology Trends Big Data Cloud Search Engines The 4 Vs: Volume, velocity (Freq), variety and veracity (QA) Cloud Remote applications, computing and storage resources that host and process data Search Engines Make WIS searchable and accessible via the popular “gates” of the Internet (eg Google) Messaging and Social Networking protocols and quickly scale to support many millions of concurrent users sharing information in real time Internet of Things WIS should facilitate interactions with IOT that could contribute to or benefit from environmental information Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) and Web Services M2M & third party services (eg authentication) Open data Free access to information to foster the development of applications and services

Opportunities Increasing use of the Web as an information sharing platform Commercial infrastructure providers offer stable, secure and cost-effective ‘cloud’ hosting of virtualized computing resources ‘content distribution networks’ (CDN) Search engines (Google, Bing, Yahoo etc.) remain the common entry point for consumer discovery of information Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) and Web Services are now very common solutions for information exchange Messaging services and protocols offer new opportunities for sharing meteorological information in real-time based on common industry practices Use of analytics and user feedback to drive improvement of user experience Applications such as Dropbox indicate that file distribution services have become commoditized and are no longer the domain of specialized applications such as GTS message switching A content delivery network or content distribution network (CDN) is a globally distributed network of proxy servers deployed in multiple data centers. The goal of a CDN is to serve content to end-users with high availability and high performance.

Terms of limited meaning Cloud computing: Network- or Internet-based services, computing, storage or processing that provides shared resources to WIS centres to support flexible levels of demand. Open eco-system: Interoperable virtualized digital services focusing on maximizing re-use, agility of operations and scalability built on open standards.

WIS 2.0 Vision WIS 2.0 will provide users with seamless access to diverse information from a wide range of sources enable weather, water and climate information to be related to socioeconomic and other contexts. Through an open eco-system of tools, applications and services , WIS 2.0 will allow all information providers to manage, publish and share their data, products and services and users to develop value added services and new products.

Security WIGOS like WIS is increasingly relying on automated systems connected to open networks Millions of devices access points Difficult to maintain patches across broad observing networks Vulnerable as likely targets for cyber attack

Thank you Merci

Big Data “Big Data” is a term widely used and usually refers to new technical solutions to deal with massive amount of information (volume), that might in addition also cover velocity (information being created frequently), variety (the nature of information can be very different) and veracity (can the information be trusted?). It is often referred to these elements together as the 4 V’ of Big Data. In the context of WIS, we have to address these 4 V’s, and this can have operational consequences. For example, transferring to users huge amount of information might no longer be possible. In the current system, information is usually sent to the process. In the future the opposite should be possible, where the process and data are remote.

Cloud The big players on the Internet (e.g. Google, Amazon) and other providers are making available to users applications, computing and storage resources to host data and process it in a shared environment called “The Cloud”. Instead of using internal resources, in certain situations, it may be much more cost effective for an organization to use a cloud computing service for processing, storing and exchanging data  Considering Big Data as described above, the Cloud and the associated services (applications, processing and storage) are likely to be a very cost effective way for the WIS to deliver services and information to the users. ICT ISS is investigating the applicability and potential of cloud computing services and cloud based data exchange in support of the WMO Information System.

Search engines The current WIS is based on a catalogue of metadata. In order to find the a particular dataset, users have to connect to a GISC portal and use their search tools. It means that the “gates” to enter into the WIS are the GISCs. However, nowadays, the popular “gates” for all content on the Internet are the search engines such as Google and Bing. Therefore, making data available to users will require the WIS to use the de facto standards and common practice of the Internet. WIS catalogue should therefore be searchable and accessible via the popular “gates” of the Internet, the search engines.

Messaging and Social Networking Sharing notifications, messages and alerts has become common place through the medium of social media. Services such as Twitter are built using industry standard messaging protocols and quickly scale to support many millions of concurrent users sharing information in real time. Social media messages often include images, the size of which easily exceeds that of a typical GTS message. These technologies offer new opportunities for sharing WMO information in real-time based on common industry practices.

Internet of Things (IOT) Along with available network connectivity almost everywhere (Wi-Fi, 3G, Bluetooth, very low speed networks…) and very cheap sensors of all kinds, the Internet of Things is developing rapidly. Whether it takes the form of windscreen wipers connected on cars, or weather stations for homes, the Internet of Things is creating and will continue to create a vast ecosystem of companies, which are not WIS users, but who will be nevertheless interested in exchanging data with WIS users to develop their business and in return provide an incredibly large amount of observation data. The WIS should facilitate interactions with those Internet of Things that could contribute to or benefit from environmental information.

API and Web services Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) and Web Services are now very common solutions for machine to machine interaction. By offering standard interfaces and by allowing exchange of data using official or de facto standards (JSON, XML, CSV,...), the WIS should offer, in addition of the human interface it currently has, solutions to facilitate machine to machine communication. The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) is developing several standards to facilitate such interactions. Along with these solutions, the WIS should provide lightweight interfaces to allow users to interact with the WIS. As such interactions often require users to be authenticated, WIS Members should be encouraged to accept validated third party authentication services, such as those provided by research network GEANT (eduGAIN) or by commercial entities like Google or Facebook

Open Data Open data is data that anyone can access, use or share and whose licence allows users to do what they need to do with the data without additional constraints. Many governments have decided to release data in this way, aiming to foster the development of applications and services that will benefit citizens. It is sometimes required to propose this data using standard protocols and format.