Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory

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Presentation transcript:

Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory Boylestad Op-Amp Applications Chapter 11

Common Op-Amp Applications Ch.11 Summary Common Op-Amp Applications Constant-gain amplifier Voltage summing Voltage buffer Controlled sources Instrumentation circuits Active filters

Constant-Gain Amplifier Ch.11 Summary Constant-Gain Amplifier Inverting amplifier

Constant-Gain Amplifier Ch.11 Summary Constant-Gain Amplifier Noninverting amplifier Noninverting amplifier

Multiple-Stage Gains Ch.11 Summary The total gain (3-stages) is given by: or:

Voltage Summing Ch.11 Summary The output is the sum of individual signals times the gain:

Voltage Buffer Ch.11 Summary Any amplifier with no gain or loss is called a unity gain amplifier. The advantages of using a unity gain amplifier: Very high input impedance Very low output impedance The unity gain amplifier shown is commonly referred to as a voltage buffer or a voltage follower.

Controlled Sources Ch.11 Summary Voltage-controlled voltage source Voltage-controlled current source Current-controlled voltage source Current-controlled current source

Voltage-Controlled Voltage Source Noninverting Amplifier Version Ch.11 Summary Voltage-Controlled Voltage Source The output voltage equals the gain times the input voltage. Noninverting Amplifier Version What makes an op-amp different from other amplifiers is that its impedance characteristics and gain calculations depend solely on external resistors.

Voltage-Controlled Voltage Source Inverting Amplifier Version Ch.11 Summary Voltage-Controlled Voltage Source The output voltage equals the gain times the input voltage. Inverting Amplifier Version Like the noninverting amplifier configuration, its impedance characteristics and gain calculations depend solely on external resistors.

Voltage-Controlled Current Source Ch.11 Summary Voltage-Controlled Current Source The output current is:

Current-Controlled Voltage Source Ch.11 Summary Current-Controlled Voltage Source This is simply another way of applying the op-amp operation. Whether the input is a current determined by Vin/R1 or as I1: or

Current-Controlled Current Source Ch.11 Summary Current-Controlled Current Source This circuit may appear more complicated than the others but it is really the same thing.

Instrumentation Circuits Ch.11 Summary Instrumentation Circuits Some examples of instrumentation circuits using op-amps: Display driver Instrumentation amplifier

Ch.11 Summary Display Driver

Instrumentation Amplifier Ch.11 Summary Instrumentation Amplifier For all resistors at the same value (except Rp):

Active Filters Ch.11 Summary Low-pass filter High-pass filter Adding capacitors to op-amp circuits provides external control of the cutoff frequencies. The op-amp active filter has controllable cutoff frequencies and controllable gain. Low-pass filter High-pass filter Bandpass filter

Low-Pass Filter, First-Order Ch.11 Summary Low-Pass Filter, First-Order The upper cutoff frequency and voltage gain are given by:

Low-Pass Filter, Second-Order Ch.11 Summary Low-Pass Filter, Second-Order The roll-off can be made steeper by adding more RC networks.

Ch.11 Summary High-Pass Filter The cutoff frequency is determined by:

Bandpass Filter Ch.11 Summary There are two cutoff frequencies: upper and lower. They can be calculated using the same low-pass cutoff and high-pass cutoff frequency formulas in the appropriate sections.