Unit 3: Conflict & Compromise Lesson 3.3: Cultural Conflict

Essential Question How did cultural conflict during the 1920s impact modern America?

Activation Culture is like an iceberg. What is culture? What are the hidden components of culture? What are the visible components of culture?

A Clash of Values

What do you think “fundamentalism” is? Key Vocabulary Fundamentalism What do you think “fundamentalism” is? Definition. Examples/Impact. Create a test question.

Setting the Stage The 1920’s are often called the “Roaring Twenties” because to many it seemed to be one long party. Urban American celebrated the new “modern” culture, but not everyone agreed that the new trends were a good thing. Rural Americans believed traditional society and morality were under attack.

Nativism Resurges Quickly, what is nativism? ___________ ____________ ______________. The following were some of the causes of anti-immigration feelings during the 1920s: Influx of immigration Cultural Tension Recession

The Sacco-Vanzetti Case In 1920, two Italian immigrants named Nicola Sacco and Bortolomeo Vanzetti were arrested for murder. It was widely reported that they were anarchists (people who oppose all forms of government). Despite very thin evidence, the men were found guilty and executed. This decision clearly demonstrates the nativist attitudes present during this time.

The Return of the KKK One of the biggest efforts to restrict immigration came from the KKK.

Controlling Immigration In 1921 Congress passed the Emergency Quota Act to limit immigration. The National Origins Act of 1924 made quotas stricter and permanent. These acts favored people of Western European descent and exempted those from Central and South America.

Hispanic Immigration The reduction in immigration caused a severe shortage of workers in the areas of agriculture, mining, and railroads. Mexican immigrants filled these jobs. Large numbers arrived after the Newlands Reclamation Act of 1902 funded projects in the southwest.

Assessment Prompt 1 How is the Sacco-Vanzetti case an example of American nativism?

A Clash of Cultures During the 1920’s, a new “morality” took of the nation. It changed the traditional ways of thinking and glorified youth and personal freedom. Why did the culture values change? World War I 19th Amendment Model T

Women in the 1920’s https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VfOR1XCMf7A&t=14s Women’s Suffrage (19th Amendment) Attitudes towards marriage changed. Now romance and friendship were the keys to a successful marriage. The automobile made young people feel free. Young women began working for financial independence and careers. City Life.

Assessment Prompt 2 How did women begin to challenge traditional ways of thinking in the 1920’s? Do young people still challenge traditions today? How?

Fundamentalism Fundamentalism stressed the teachings of the bible as literally true history. They rejected the idea that human beings derived their moral behavior from society and nature, not God. It also rejected the theory of evolutionism in favor of a belief in creationism.

Many groups wanted to preserve traditional values. They viewed the consumer culture, relaxed ethics, and changing roles of women as evidence of the nation’s moral decline. Many of the people who joined the Fundamentalist cause were from rural towns.

The Scopes Trial In 1925, Tennessee outlawed the teaching of evolution. A high school teacher, John T. Scopes, was hired by the ACLU specifically to be arrested for teaching evolution. William Jennings Bryan was the prosecutor. Scopes was found guilty and fined $100.

Assessment Prompt 3 What is the underlying issue concerning the Scopes Trial? How is the Scopes trial a good example of cultural conflict of the 1920s?

Prohibition In January of 1920, the 18th Amendment went in to effect. This amendment prohibited, or banned, the sale of alcohol. Many felt prohibition would reduce unemployment, violence, and poverty. However, many Americans violated this law. Organized crime supplied illegal alcohol to secret bars called speakeasies. .

Al Capone, one of the most successful and violent gangsters of the era, had many people on his payroll (police, judges, and other political officials). He dominated Chicago. In 1933 the 21st Amendment later repealed prohibition

Assessment Prompt 4 How is prohibition a good example of cultural conflict?

Review: Cultural conflict of the 1920s

Assignment America the Story of US: Boom Guided Questions

Journal Answer the EQ: Consider the following: What is nativism? What factors influenced the limits on immigration? How is the Sacco-Vanzetti case an example of nativism in the United States? What issues caused clashes between traditional and new moralities? What was a flapper? What is fundamentalism? What is the difference between creationism and evolutionism? What was the underlying issue of the Scopes Trial? What is prohibition? What are speakeasies?