1. Boom and Bust
Unit 6

2. A Clash of Values Chapter 17 Section 3
The Jazz Age
A Clash of Values
Chapter 17 Section 3

3. Nativism Resurges
1920s was a time of economic growth and cultural turmoil
World War I and the Red Scare led to nativism
Majority of immigrants were coming from Southern and Eastern Europe
Many people blamed immigrants for taking jobs that would have gone to soldiers coming home

4. Nativism Resurges The Sacco-Vanzetti Case
April 15, 1920 two men robbed and murdered two employees of a shoe factory in Massachusetts
Police arrested two Italian Immigrants, Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti for the crime
Newspapers reported that the men were anarchists and Sacco owned a gun similar to the one used in the crime
The two were found guilty and executed six years later

5. Nativism Resurges Return of the Ku Klux Klan
Targeted Catholics, Jews, and Immigrants
By 1924, 4 million people belonged to the Klan
The Klan did decline in the late 1920s
Scandals and power struggles within the group
Membership shrank and politicians that were backed by the Klan were voted out of office
New immigration restrictions deprived the Klan of one of its major issues

6. Nativism Resurges Controlling Immigration Emergency Quota Act
Restricted annual admission to the United States
National Origins Act
Made immigration restriction a permanent policy

7. Nativism Resurges Hispanic Immigration
Employers needed laborers for agriculture, mining, and railroad work
Mexicans were exempt from the National Origins Act because they were from the Western Hemisphere
700,000 Mexican immigrants migrated to the US in the 1920s

8. A Clash of Cultures Women in the 1920s
19th Amendment – Gave women the right to vote
Women are seeking ways of breaking free of traditional roles and behaviors
The car allowed women to get out of the house and go out with friends
Women began working to break away from parental authority and establish financial independance

9. A Clash of Cultures Women in the 1920s Fashion was changing too
Women cut their hair into a bob
Flesh colored stockings
Smoked Cigarettes
Drank liquor
Wore makeup
Women also attended college
Encouraged students to pursue careers and to challenge traditional ideas about women’s roles

10. A Clash of Cultures
Margaret Sanger – believed people could improve their standard of living by limiting the number of children they had
She founded the American Birth Control League in 1921 to promote knowledge of birth control
This organization later became known as Planned Parenthood

11. A Clash of Cultures Fundamentalism
Many feared that America was losing its traditional values
Beliefs of Fundamentalists
The Bible was literally true without any error
Rejected Darwin’s theory of evolution – saying that human beings had developed from lower forms of life over the course of millions of years
Creationism – the belief that God created the world as described in the Bible

12. A Clash of Cultures Fundamentalist Billy Sunday Aimee Semple McPherson
Former professional baseball player who preached with showmanship and rapid fire sermons
Aimee Semple McPherson
Conducted revivals and sermons in Los Angeles
Used a flamboyant theatrical style using stage sets and costumes

13. A Clash of Cultures The Scopes Trial
1925 Tennessee outlawed any teaching that denied the story of creation according to the Bible
The American Civil Liberties Union advertised for a teacher willing to be arrested for teaching evolution
John T Scopes – biology teacher – volunteered
William Jennings Bryan was the prosecutor who represented creationists
Clarence Darrow defended Scopes
After 8 days of trial Scopes was found guilty and fined $100
The trial was broadcasted over the radio and the Fundamentalists began to decline

14. A Clash of Cultures Support for Prohibition 18th Amendment
Religious reasons, reduce unemployment, domestic violence and poverty
18th Amendment
Outlawed the consumption, manufacture, or transportation of alcohol
Volstead Act
Made the US Treasury responsible for enforcing prohibition

15. A Clash of Cultures Prohibition
During the 1920s treasury agents made more than 540,000 arrests
Speakeasies – places that sold liquor illegally
Organized Crime
Al Capone – had many police officers, judges, and other officials on his payroll
Capone dominated Chicago’s organized crime

16. A Clash of Cultures 21st Amendment Repealed the 18th Amendment
Prohibition did not improve society the way it was thought that it would