Telematics Protocols and Technologies E-mail: chaohsien.lee@gmail.com Phone: +886-987-083803

Outline Introduction Trend: E  M  U Telematics Services and Applications Intelligent Transport System (ITS) Techniques CAN CALM Network Protocols IPv6 Mobile IPv6 NEMO Past Work SIP-NEMO

Introduction Telematics: a compound word Generalized The science of sending, receiving and storing information via telecommunication devices Specialized Systems used in automobiles that combine wireless communication Telecommunication Informatics +

Trend: E  M  U Connection: ubiquitous Device: small and light-weighted

Anytime, Anywhere, Any device Trend: E  M  U E-government E-industry E-society E-Taiwan (2002) Mobile services Mobile life Mobile learning M-Taiwan (2005) Anytime, Anywhere, Any device U-Taiwan (2007) Ubiquitous – Always on Ubiquitous networked society

(Broadband Infrastructure, Dual-Network top the world) Trend: E  M  U Apps Industry Development Ubiquitous Networked Society(2007) (Sensor Network, Network Convergence, Legislation) (Information Technology Enabled Service) M-Taiwan(2005~) (Broadband Infrastructure, Dual-Network top the world) (Communication Industries) e-Taiwan(2002~) (Broadband to 6m households in 6 years; the most advanced e-Nation in Asia) (Info Services) Infrastructure Fixed-line Broadband Wireless Broadband Ubiquitous Network

Trend: E  M  U Network Environment Traditional Services WWW E-mail FTP Multimedia Services Video on Demand (VoD) Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) Advance Services Home Network Intelligent Appliance Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) Internet Protocol Television (IPTV)

Telematics In-car Functions

Services and Applications Telematics Services and Applications Remote Control Personal Communication Mobile Business Life Information Driving Assistance Telematics Vehicle Security Mobile Entertainment Safety

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) Traffic Management System

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) In Taiwan

Examples

Standards International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Transport Information and Control Systems (TC 204) Wide Area Communications/protocols and interfaces (WG 16) Controller Area Network (CAN) Vehicle bus MOST Cooperation Media Oriented Systems Transport (MOST) Fiber

Standards All units inside a car can be connected via CAN or MOST. Non IP-based

Standards ISO TC 204 WG 16 Communications, Air Interface, Long and Medium Range (CALM) IPv6

IPv6 New generation Internet Protocol 128 bits: enough IP addresses IETF IPv6, 6man, and v6ops WGs

Mobile IPv6 / Network Mobility (NEMO) Allow mobile users to move from one network to another one.

Mobile IPv6 / Network Mobility (NEMO) To manage the mobility of a single user IETF MIP4, MIP6, MIPSHOP WGs Network Mobility (NEMO) To manage the mobility of a group of users IETF NEMO WG

Mobile IPv6 Components Home Agent (HA) Mobile Node (MN) Correspondent Node (CN) Home Address (HoA) Care-of-Address (CoA)

NEMO Components Mobile Router (MR) Home Agent (HA) Mobile Node (MN) Local fixed node (LFN) Visited mobile node (VMN) Correspondent Node (CN)

NEMO Operations Multi-angular route

NEMO Operations If an MN performs route optimization

Mobile IPv6 / Network Mobility (NEMO) Difference Manageability Advantage Power saving Low complexity Few handoffs

Categories Applying NEMO to Telematics

Due to the bi-directional tunnel Sub-optimal routing Past Work Due to the bi-directional tunnel Sub-optimal routing CN - (HAMR) - MN High header overhead Encapsulation & decapsulation HA survivability If the HA is crashed, it means that the tunnel is also crashed. Long packet delay Time for sub-optimal routing path Time for encapsulation/decapsulation

SIP-based Network Mobility (SIP-NEMO) Past Work SIP-based Network Mobility (SIP-NEMO) Use Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) instead of Mobile IPv6 Header Translation No Tunnel Route Optimization No intermediate node, e.g., HA

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Application control signaling protocol for establishing, maintaining and terminating multimedia sessions with more than one user. A session means an exchange of data between an association of users. IETF WGs “sip” : Session Initiation Protocol RFC 3261: SIP: Session Initiation Protocol (June 2002) “sipping” : Session Initiation Proposal Investigation

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) SIP elements SIP server Registrar User registration Location update Proxy server Sending and routing requests to targeted SIP clients Redirect server Direct requests to another SIP server which may be closer to targeted SIP clients SIP client

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) SIP Header

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Pre-call The MN acquires a new address prior to receiving or making a call. The MN would re-register its new address to its SIP server. Mid-call The moving MN sends an updated session description to the corresponding CN.

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Comparison between Mobile IP and SIP SIP Mobile IP Application layer protocol Network layer protocol Indirect routing in IPv4 Encapsulation overhead Authentication of redirection IP stack needs to be changed. Host/Terminal Mobility, Session Mobility, Personal Mobility, and Service Mobility Host/Terminal Mobility

SIP-NEMO Three types of SIP Back-to-Back User Agent (B2BUA) SIP Home Server (SIP-HS) SIP Network Mobility Server (SIP-NMS) SIP Foreign Server (SIP-FS)

SIP-NEMO REGISTER replace INVITE replace add RECORD-ROUTE MN’s Contact Address MR’s URI replace MN’s Contact Address MR’s Contact Address add MR’s URI RECORD-ROUTE

sip-nms@visited. network. com.tw sip-nms@visited. network. com.tw SIP-NEMO sip-nms@sip-hs.com.tw (URI) sip-nms@visited.network. com.tw (Contact) sip-nms@visited. network. com.tw sip-nms@sip-hs.com.tw sip-mn@home-mn.com.tw (URI) sip-mn@mobile.sip-hs.com.tw (Contact) sip-mn@home-mn.com.tw sip-nms@visited. network. com.tw

SIP-NEMO Signal reduction When a mobile network changes its point of attachment, the SIP-NMS sends a REGISTER request to its SIP-HS INVITE requests to all SIP-CNs

Future Works Multihoming A mobile network has multiple paths to Internet. Nesting A mobile network is composed of several nesting levels. NEMO + SIP-NEMO Route optimization Inter-Vehicle Intra-Vehicle NEMO or SIP-NEMO can only resolve vehicle-to-Infrastructure communication. Telematics Applications

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