Greek Mythology Mrs. Gonzales.

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Presentation transcript:

Greek Mythology Mrs. Gonzales

What is Greek Mythology? Greek Mythology is a collection of myths and legends that Greeks used to explain their world. Although we now view these stories as fiction, the Greeks believed them to be true.

The Greeks and Their Beliefs The Greeks were “a tough, restless, ambitious, hard-living, imaginative race.” The Greeks loved life. They believed in living life to the fullest, because death was going to happen whether you wanted it to or not. The only response to death was to make a mark on the world. Be a legend…be grandiose.

Continued: The Greeks & Their Beliefs The Greeks had many gods. The Olympian gods resembled the Greeks need to be grandiose. Because the Olympian gods mirrored the Greeks, they were heavily flawed. They were quarrelsome, unforgiving, jealous, vengeful, spiteful, sinful deities. Because the Greeks focused on being grandiose, the Olympian gods were mostly portrayed as physically strong, beautiful and intelligent. The same applies to the heroes in their legends and myths.

The World according to the Greeks Both good and evil comes from the gods. Heroes and monsters came from the gods. This idea has influenced all religions that came after. Many of the conflicts that are portrayed in the myths are between family members.

The Odyssey

What is an odyssey? A long adventurous journey an intellectual or spiritual quest a long wandering usually marked by several changes in fortune and sometimes… A metaphor for life

Epic Poem A long narrative poem that communicates the experiences of an epic hero Usually intended to build and bolster national pride No single author Written down finally after centuries of being told only orally

Epic Poem continued… Can not be told in one sitting. Complex plots revolves around several main characters and spans many years Homer's epics tell of the adventures of heroes. Translations Some are still in poetic form Some have a prose form W.H.D. Rouse’s translation is prose. However, we will be occasionally reading some excerpts from the poetic version in class.

Epic Hero A larger than life character who represents the characteristics most important to his nation Examples: Hercules Odysseus Beowulf

Hero continued… Introduced in the midst of trouble Warrior, leader, and excellent speaker Must undertake a long, dangerous journey, often involving a descent into the Underworld Encounters characters possessing supernatural powers that he must use strength, cunning, or divine assistance to overcome

The Hero - Odysseus Courageous Manly Loyal Strategic in Battle Forceful in Leadership Sensitive to death of friends Has pride in himself, his nation, and his men Strong in body, as well as mind Noble (royalty)

Oral Tradition In 800 B.C., stories were merely told and repeated from one story-teller to another, which is called oral tradition. It’s difficult to know who first created the story or how much it has changed from the original version.

Homer, the Poet The Odyssey is believed to have first been told by Homer, a blind poet who lived 3000 years ago. also credited with The Iliad, the prequel to The Odyssey, which is about the Trojan War, in which Odysseus fought. considered by the Greeks as their greatest and finest poet, traveling around the land singing stories to people for their entertainment and enlightenment Makes a “cameo appearance” in the Odyssey as the character Demodocus

Notes on Plot Linear Plot: a chronological progression of events Non-linear Plot: involve flashbacks or multiple story line progressions that jump back and forth. Among the most impressive elements of The Odyssey is its non-linear plot.  Circular Plot: begin and end in the same way; like the cycle of seasons or the life cycle, circular stories follow a predictable series of events that returns to the starting point.

In Medias Res Begins in medias res (meaning in the middle) Odysseus has been gone from his home for ten years, fighting the Trojan War, when The Odyssey begins. The Greeks won the war by tricking the Trojans with the Trojan Horse. Two heroes in the Trojan War Achilles- killed Odysseus- The Odyssey is the story of his return to his home (Ithaca)

The Odyssey Used to teach Greek children important values Hospitality be nice to visitors Patriotism be loyal to your country Heroism be courageous in times of trouble Honor do the right thing

Are the locations in The Odyssey real places? Events in the main sequence of the Odyssey (excluding Odysseus' embedded narrative of his wanderings) take place in the Peloponnese and in what are now called the Ionian Islands. The Ionian Islands are a group of islands in Greece. Ithaca, the homeland of Odysseus, may or may not be the same island that is now called Ithake. Scholars, both ancient and modern, are divided as to whether the places visited by Odysseus are real.

Language of Homer The Odyssey was originally sung or recited by a poet Used epic similes (also called homeric similes), epithets, and allusions to keep the audience interested Simile- Comparison using “like” or “as” A simile that goes on for several lines in known as an epic simile Epithet- a brief descriptive phrase used to characterize a particular person or thing Son of Laertes, raider of cities Reader of poetry, student of PHS Allusion- reference to person, place, or event that we’re supposed to know about