Lecture 1: Definition of Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology

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Presentation transcript:

Lecture 1: Definition of Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology Contents: New Technological Frontiers in the 21st Century Relation of Nanomedicine to the Basic Sciences Definition of Nanomedicine Definition of Nanotechnology Imaging and Treatment Modalities: Advantages and Disadvantages Conclusions

New Technological Frontiers 20th Century: - Physics, - Microelectronics, - High-Speed Communications - Transportation 21st Century: - Nanotechnology - Biology - Information - but also Energy, Environment, and Sustainability

Nanomedicine Relation to Basic Sciences Biophysics Engineering: Optical technology Laser technology Nanotechnology and so on Interdisciplinary study combines Biology: Cell biology Cytology Microbiology and so on Physics: Optics Thermodynamics Kinetics and so on New Technology Diagnosis and Treatment of Diseases Fundamental Knowledge for Medical Physics Imaging Radiation Oncology Photodynamic Therapy Nanomedicine

What is Nanomedicine? Nanomedicine is an interdisciplinary field of science which involves physics, engineering biology, chemistry, medicine and other sciences for diagnosis and treatment of diseases by means of nanotechnology. The ultimate goal of nanomedicine is to treat the human body at the atomic and molecular levels, and to repair a body like we repair conventional machines today.

Nanotechnology Defined Video 1 Nano = Greek for “Dwarf” Nano = “1 billionth” Research and development at the atomic, molecular or macromolecular levels, on the length scale of approximately 1- 100 nanometer range . . . . . . to create and use structures, devices and systems that have novel properties and functions because of their small and/or intermediate size Nanotechnology involves purposeful imaging, measuring, modeling, and manipulating matter at this length scale Source: National Nanotechnology Initiative

Traditional Imaging and Treatment Modalities Radiography Fluoroscopy Mammography Computed tomography Nuclear medicine Positron emission tomography Magnetic resonance imaging Chemotherapy Magnetic field treatment Microwave and RF treatment

Benefits of Conventional Clinical Modalities Deep penetration into the body Whole body scan Slice scan Fast scan Position accuracy Density information Organs structure and boundaries Extend patient life

Disadvantages of Conventional Clinical Modalities Unable to detect and treat at the single cell level Unable to detect and treat at the DNA level Late diagnosis and treatment Unable to detect and treat metastasis in time Unable to carry out selective treatment on only cancer cells Healthy tissue damage X-rays treatment could cause a secondary cancer Unable to treat effectively bone cancer and marrow Unable to complete cancer cure Recurrence occurs after the treatment Patients eventually die Expensive treatment Nanomedicine is a future medicine

Conclusions: Nanomedicine is a Smart Medicine Nanomedicine is a future medicine. Fast painless treatment. Early diagnostics at the single cell or DNA levels. Metastasis treatment at the cellular level. Bone cancer treatment. Defeat cancer for good and give full life for cancer patients.