Digestive System 4th Hour Group Grace

Include the following on your slide: Name of organ Description of structure Function of organ Identify if there is mechanical &/or chemical digestion occuring Picture of the organ Identify any secretions produced Function of secretions Use only 1 slide. Make sure it is neat & easy to read.

Mouth The mouth, or oral cavity. Function is to provide mechanical digestion of food. It munches the food with it’s teeth and mixes with it’s tongue. Structures inside of mouth are: the tongue, teeth, salivary glands, and tonsils. Begins process of digestion.

Pharynx Pathway of food, specifically swallowing it. Space between larynx and mouth No digestions mucus Mechanical

Esophagus -The esophagus runs through the pharynx through the diaphragm to the stomach. -Function: the passageway that conducts food to the stomach. - Mechanical change occurs by delivering the food using peristalsis. Peristalsis is the alternating waves of contraction and relaxation that squeezes food along the GI tract. - Secretions: mucous found throughout

Stomach The stomach receives food the esophagus through a muscular valve called the lower esophageal sphincter. The stomach secretes acid and enzymes that digest food. Both mechanical and chemical digestion occur. Gastric juice = mixes with food in the stomach to promote digestion. Mucous cells = secrete mucus into the lumen of the stomach and into the gastric pits. Intrinsic factors = glycoprotein that binds to vitamin B12 allows vitamin to be absorbed in the small intestine. Hydrochloric acid = protects the body by killing pathogenic bacteria naturally found in food. Pepsin -breaks down protein

Small Intestine -The small intestine is a tube-like structure about 6 meters long and along the inner wall contains thousands of tiny villi. -Chemical Digestion occurs within the small intestine. - These villi are used to to absorb nutrients from food. -Produces no secretions itself

Large Intestine Description of structure: about 5 feet long and about 3 inches in diameter, consists of cecum, colon, rectum and anal canal Function of organ:The colon absorbs water from wastes Identify if there is mechanical &/or chemical digestion occurring: mechanical digestion, it absorbs water -> has nothing to do with enzymes Identify any secretions produced: Secretion of Mucus Function of secretions: lubricant that protects the epithelium, and also serves to bind the dehydrated ingesta to form feces

Salivary Gland Parotid Gland on inside of cheek Submandibular gland at the floor of mouth Sublingual gland under tongue Function: makes saliva Saliva lubricates your mouth, helps with swallowing and aids in digestion of food Chemical digestion:saliva contains the enzyme amylase which breaks down starch into simpler sugar such as maltose + dextrin

Pancreas Long, flat organ located deep in the abdomen Contains exocrine glands that produce enzymes important to digestion in the small intestines Digest proteins and break down fats The endocrine component of the pancreas releases hormones Insulin and Glucagon-regulate blood sugar Produces enzymes responsible for Chemical digestion Bicarbonate - neutralizes stomach acid

Liver Structure: The liver is a large, meaty organ that sits on the right side of the belly. The liver has two large sections, called the right and the left lobes Function:The liver's main job is to filter the blood coming from the digestive tract, before passing it to the rest of the body. The liver also detoxifies chemicals and metabolizes drugs. Chemical or mechanical digestion: not part of digestive tract but produces bile which is chemical digestion of fat Secretions and their functions: liver secretes bile that ends up back in the intestines. The liver also makes proteins important for blood clotting and other functions.

Gallbladder Pear shaped and hollow, with a duct attaching to it located underneath the liver on the right side of the abdomen Main purpose is to store bile Bile is an enzyme used to digest food The gallbladders contribution to the digestive tract is a chemical reaction