ROMANTICISM and TRANSCENDENTALISM ( )

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We will walk with our own feet we will work with our own hands

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Presentation transcript:

ROMANTICISM and TRANSCENDENTALISM (1800-1860)

Romanticism Love for nature Focus on individualism Fascination with the supernatural, the mysterious, gothic (dark side of human nature) Idealism Passionate love of country Yearning for picturesque and exotic

MORE CHARACTERISTICS Focuses on feelings and emotions Revolt against Age of Reason Revolt against Industrial Age Two divisions (types) -Dark Romantics: Edgar Allen Poe, Washington Irving, Herman Melville, Emily Dickinson -Transcendentalism: Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau Romantic vs. romantic: Die Hard vs. Flowers

Edgar Allen Poe The Tell Tale Heart The Raven The Fall of the House of Usher

OTHER MAJOR AUTHORS Nathaniel Hawthorne: The Scarlet Letter James Fenimore Cooper: The Last of the Mohicans

FIRESIDE POETS Longfellow, Lowell, Holmes, Whittier Easy to read, inspiring- read by families Concerned with ordinary Americans Romanticized American life Romanticism began a major change for America; we started producing our very first FICTION: -First published American Authors/Books -Literature reflected life in the U.S.- our experiences (freedom, expansion, industrialization)

Transcendentalism: A philosophy that grew from the Romantic philosophy and believed that the truths about life and death could be reached only by going beyond the world of the senses. The term itself and some of its ideas came from the German philosopher Immanuel Kant.

TRANSCENDENTALISM Individualism Believed democratically--every man/woman could transcend the material world Knowledge comes from intuition Nature is alive with “the spirit” Human mind could read nature and find truths Material success is source of corruption Wanted to reform society and create utopia “Oversoul”, “universal soul” Even the smallest element of nature was a microcosm of the universe

Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau Religion is a barrier to God Humanism is another term for Transcendentalism Optimistic attitude/tone