Crane, Conveyor, and Rigging Part I - Crane OSHE 112, Spring 2016 Instructor: Mr. Chris Kuiper, CSP Email: august.kuiper@selu.edu Phone: 985-549-3751 1

Review: Material Handling and Storage Common daily operations and high injury rates Manual lifting guidelines, rules, mechanical assistance, training, and PPE Safety requirements for storage of different types of materials Common hazards and control of cryogenic liquids

Crane Safety Overview Over 250,000 cranes in operation 125,000 in construction 80,000 general and maritime 80 fatalities per year One death per thousand crane operators in their working lifetime (45 years)

Major Causes of Crane Accidents Contact with energized power lines (45% of accidents) “Under hook lifting device” Overturned cranes Dropped loads Boom collapse Crushing by the counter weight Falls Rigging failure

Regulations OSHA 29 CFR 1910, Subpart N: Material Handling and Storage 1910.179 through 1910.183, cover crane, derrick, and hoist safety OSHA 29 CFR 1926, Subpart N: Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Elevators, and Conveyors 1926.550 through 1926.556 ANSI standards http://www.osha.gov/cranes-derricks/

Crane Types Industrial cranes Construction cranes Overhead Gantry Jib Mobile Tower Derricks

Industrial Cranes Overhead Cranes Common in industrial facilities Supported by overhead rails Components Bridge Trolley Hoist Often pendant or remote operated Easy to use, little training required, no stability problems

capacity) gantry crane Industrial Cranes Gantry cranes Similar to overhead cranes, but supported by a mobile frame which travels on the ground Small (1000 – 10,000 pound capacity) gantry crane Large (600 ton capacity) gantry crane

Industrial Cranes Jib cranes Pivot mounted boom with trolley and hoist Wall-mounted jib crane Floor-mounted jib crane

Industrial Cranes Power hoist Chain hoist (or "chain fall") Usually electric or air operated Chain hoist (or "chain fall") Hand operated

Construction Cranes Tower cranes Variable height “climbing cranes” Used for building construction

Construction Cranes Mobile cranes Crawler cranes Truck cranes Hydraulic cranes Boom telescopes May have jib Equipped with outriggers for stability

Hydraulic Cranes

Hydraulic Cranes

Construction Cranes Derricks Boom angle changes to adjust horizontal distance Often used in shipyards, building construction, etc. Gin pole Chicago boom Stiff-leg Etc.

Derricks Mine-shaft rescue using a gin pole derrick improvised from an extension ladder Stiff-leg construction derrick

Controlling Crane Hazards Operators 18 years old Physical exam Knowledge (training) Estimating load weight Signals Operation Skill (demonstration)

Controlling Crane Hazards Inspection Frequent Daily, monthly Hooks, rope, crane operation Periodic At least annually Complete inspection: wear, damage, deterioration, operation Slings Testing Records

Preventing Crane Accidents Contact with energized power lines De-energize lines Maintain minimum distance 10 feet distance for 50 kv Over 50 kv, add 4 inches per 10 kv Use proximity alarms Warn when energized line is near Warning signs

Crane Incidents – Overhead Hazards

Crane Incidents – Improper Load Spreading 1250 Ton Crane lifting 350 tons. Mats provided but not used. 3 dead 2 critical.

Jib Crane Collapse - Wind

Tower Crane Collapse

Crane Collapses Recent crane collapse in New York City https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AdgmzaB5N_w Offshore https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjzykTQM-4w

Crane Dum-Dum

CRANE ACCIDENT CAUSES Passerby struck by moving crane Overloading Hoist Limitations Rigging Failure Improper Crane Assembly Improper Crane Dismantling Oversteering Contact with a power line Control Confusion

Who Is Liable? Crane Manufacturer Company Using the Crane Corporation that owns the Site

Warning Label                                                                      

Preventing Crane Accidents Under hook lifting device problems Inspect, proper use, etc. Overturned cranes Assure a level and stable base for the crane Comply with load charts Weight Boom angle and extension Only vertical loads Wind can cause a significant side load

Preventing Crane Accidents Dropped loads Operating anti-two block device (upper limit switch) Proper rigging Inspection Boom collapse Stable base No overloading No horizontal loading Crushing by the counter weight Stay away from the rear of the crane

Preventing Crane Accidents Rigging failure Inspection Proper use: temperature, angles, etc. Falls Fall protection for workers suspended by crane "man basket" or "suspended work platform" Secure fall protection "above the hook"

Personnel Basket Offshore – The Right Way Fall protection for workers suspended by crane "man basket" or "suspended work platform" Secure fall protection "above the hook“

Personnel Basket Transfer – The Wrong Way https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZD8y7Slx2ow