Vocabulary Prototype: A preliminary sketch of an idea or model for something new. It’s the original drawing from which something real might be built or created. Binary - A way of representing information using only two options. Bit - A contraction of "Binary Digit". A bit is the single unit of information in a computer, typically represented as a 0 or 1. Bandwidth - Transmission capacity measure by bit rate Bit rate - (sometimes written bitrate) the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time. e.g. 8 bits/sec. Latency - Time it takes for a bit to travel from its sender to its receiver. Protocol - A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.

U1L3 Sending Binary Messages With the Internet Simluator CS Principles U1L3 Sending Binary Messages With the Internet Simluator

U1L5: Binary Numbers Objective SWBAT: Describe how to use bits to create a functioning number system Understand the relationship between the powers of 2 and the number of bits needed to express a number of a certain magnitude. Determine, for a given number of bits, both the number of possible numbers that can be represented and also the range of those numbers

U1L5 Prompt: “What if you only had a circle and square? With only a circle and square, how many 3- place patterns are there?

Number Systems Number systems help us express and reason about quantities. Early number systems were merely a system of tallies that allowed humans to record and perform simple arithmetic with values. The number system we use today uses the concept of place value to allow us to express any value we wish by combining only 10 symbols (0, 1, 2 …). We therefore call it a “base 10” or decimal number system.

The Binary Number System When developing a number system for a computer, we only have two symbols available to us, corresponding with the two states of a single bit. However, the power of place value allows our binary or “base 2” number system to express any value we wish. When using this binary representation of numbers, certain values (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, etc.) are seen repeatedly. When written in binary, these values are 1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000, and so on, and so are the incremental place values in this binary number system.

Why? Why might we want to create a number system that includes only two symbols? How large of numbers do you think this system can represent? How could we go higher?

FLIPPY DO!