UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS PROTECTING YOURSELF FROM BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS

What Are Bloodborne Pathogens? OSHA defines bloodborne pathogens as infectious microorganisms that live in human blood and can cause disease in humans. Additionally other body fluids also put employees at risk for exposure. OSHA = Occupational Safety & Health Administration

Why is This Important to Me? All blood, body fluids and other potentially infectious materials (OPIM) from any source must be considered potentially infectious. Some viruses can live outside of the body for weeks or months. Students and staff: May not know they have an infection May choose not to tell they have an infection

Potential Sources of Infection Any break in your skin surface such as acne, dermatitis or abrasions allow germs to enter your body. The mucous membranes of your mouth, eye and nose are also entry points for viruses. Body fluids that might transmit germs include: Blood Body tissue Vomit Saliva Mucous Torn or loose skin Urine / Feces Genital secretions

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How serious can contact with blood and body fluids this really be? Several types of bloodborne pathogens have become more common in recent years. However, the greatest risks are from Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C.

Do You Know Your ABC’s? Hepatitis A Hepatitis A viral infection is a contagious liver disease ranging from a mild illness lasting a few weeks to a severe illness lasting several months. Hepatitis A virus enters the body through the mouth when a person comes in contact with contaminated objects, food, or drinks. The most common form of transmission is through poor hand washing by an infected person or following diapering or cleaning up the stool of an infected person. For more information: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Do You Know Your ABC’s? Hepatitis B Hepatitis B viral infection is a contagious liver disease that ranges from a mild illness lasting a few weeks to a serious, lifelong illness. Many people with chronic Hepatitis B virus infection do not know they are infected since they do not feel or look sick. However, they still can spread the virus to others. Hepatitis B virus can survive outside the body at least 7 days. During that time, the virus can still cause infection. For more information: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Do You Know Your ABC’s? Hepatitis C Hepatitis C viral infection is a contagious liver disease that ranges from a mild illness lasting a few weeks to a serious, lifelong illness that attacks the liver. It is spread primarily through contact with the blood of an infected person. The virus can survive outside the body at room temperature for up to 3 weeks. The most common routes of infection include sharing needles, syringes, or other equipment to inject drugs; needlestick injuries or being born to a mother who has Hepatitis C. For more information: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Other Pathogens Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) HIV weakens a person’s immune system by destroying important cells that fight disease and infection. No effective cure exists for HIV, but with proper medical care, HIV can be controlled. HIV infection has been reported following occupational exposures to HIV-infected blood through needlestick injuries or cuts. For more information: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Common Locations for Blood and Body Fluids Diapers Broken Glass Sharp Metal Needles Knives Orthodontic Wires Restroom Surfaces Hands Desks Floors Scissors Exacto Blades Door Handles / Knobs Books … and many more

How To Prevent Transmission: Hand Washing Washing hands with soap and water is the best way to reduce the number of germs. Wet your hands with clean, running water, apply soap. Lather your hands by rubbing them together with the soap. Be sure to lather the backs of your hands, between your fingers, and under your nails. Scrub your hands for at least 20 seconds. Need a timer? Hum the "Happy Birthday" song from beginning to end twice. Rinse your hands well under clean, running water. Dry your hands using a clean towel or air dry them.

How To Prevent Transmission: Hand Sanitizer What do I do if soap and water are unavailable? Use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol to clean hands. Apply the product to the palm of one hand (read the label to learn the correct amount). Rub your hands together. Rub the product over all surfaces of your hands and fingers until your hands are dry. Wash your hands with soap & water as soon as possible.

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How To Prevent Transmission Wear gloves & other Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) as required by your job when dealing with blood or body fluids Clean surfaces with KISD approved disinfectant Dispose of contaminated articles according to KISD Bloodborne Exposure Control Plan Do not bend or recap needles. Dispose of needles in the appropriate sharps containers

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Who Should Review the KISD Bloodborne Pathogen Exposure Plan? EVERY KISD EMPLOYEE Review the plan to determine: What work tasks put you at risk Safe work practices Personal Protective Equipment you should use Image Retrieved from https://goo.gl/uXlYxX

What to Do? If you think you have been exposed to a bloodborne pathogen take the following steps: Report to your supervisor Report to campus school nurse if available If needed, complete Workman’s Comp form and KISD Employee Exposure Report. Take reports to your doctor. Give copy of report to your supervisor.

Review Consider every contact potentially harmful. Wash your hands frequently. Use Personal Protective Equipment Report exposures to your supervisor Report to campus school nurse Complete Workman’s Comp form See your doctor if advised

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References Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (2017). Viral hepatitis. https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/index.htm Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (2017). HIV/AIDS. https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/index.htm Klein ISD (2016). Bloodborne pathogen exposure control plan. http://knet/users/0041/SServ/Nurse/iss.sss.bloodpathogen.pdf Occupational Safety & Health Administration (2012). Bloodborne pathogens.. https://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=standards&p_id=10051