Reported Speech Спирина В.А.

Reported speech We use reported speech when we are saying what other people say, think or believe. Direct Speech He says, “I phone my friends every day”. Reported Speech He says (that) he phones his friends every day.

Reported speech (statements) without tense changes with tense changes

Reported speech without tense changes

Reported speech without tense changes When we are reporting somebody’s words a short time after they were said. ‘It’s quite cold,’ said Harry. Harry just said (that) it’s quite cold.

Reported speech without tense changes When we are reporting a scientific fact. ‘Light from the sun takes eight minutes to reach us,’ the professor said. The professor said (that) light from the sun takes eight minutes to reach us.

Reported speech without tense changes When we are reporting something which is still true. ‘I have a cousin in America,’ Mr Wood said. Mr Wood said (that) he has a cousin in America.

Reported speech without tense changes When we use a reporting verb in the present tense. ‘I am going to the party tonight,’ Jane says. Jane says (that) she is going to the party tonight.

Reported speech without tense changes When we are reporting somebody’s words a short time after they were said. When we are reporting a scientific fact. When we are reporting something which is still true. When we use a reporting verb in the present tense.

Reported speech with tense changes We usually have to change the tense if the reporting verb is in the past.

He said (that) he hungry. Present Simple Past Simple ‘I hungry.’ am He said (that) he hungry. was we should pay attention to the changes to pronouns

Present Continuous Past Continuous ‘I a letter.’ am writing He said (that) he a letter. was writing

Present Perfect Past Perfect ‘I my room.’ have cleaned He said (that) he his room. had cleaned

Past Perfect Continuous Present Perfect Continuous Past Perfect Continuous ‘She all day.’ has been waiting He said (that) she all day. had been waiting

Past Simple Past Perfect ‘I $12 for the video.’ paid He said (that) he $12 for the video. had paid

Past Perfect Continuous Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous ‘We about football.’ were talking He said (that) they about football. had been talking

Past Perfect Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Direct Speech Reported speech Present Simple Past Simple Present Continuous Past Continuous Present Perfect Past Perfect Present Perfect Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Past Simple Past Perfect Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous

Other changes in reported speech We sometimes have to change other words, such as pronouns, words that refer to the time and place, some modal verbs.

Direct Speech Reported speech now today yesterday tomorrow last week next week ago here this these then, at that moment that day the day before, the previous day the next/following day the week before, the previous week the week after, the following week before there that those

Modal verbs Shall should Will would Can could Must had to May might

Reporting verbs agree, claim, offer, promise, refuse + to-infinitive advise, allow, ask, order, warn + smb + accuse smb of, apologise for, deny, insist on, suggest + -ing form

Don’t Forget! to say smth to smb to tell smb smth

BIBLIOGRAPHY Дроздова Т.Ю., Берестова А.И., Маилова В.Г. English Grammar: Reference and Practice:учебное пособие для старшеклассников школ и гимназий, студентов неязыковых вузов с углубленным изучением английского языка.- СПб.:ООО “Издательство «Химера»,2000 Raymond Murphy. English Grammar in Use.- Cambridge University Press, 2002 Вербицкая М., Малколм Манн, Стив Тейлор-Ноулз. Учебное пособие для подготовки к ЕГЭ по английскому языку: Грамматика и лексика.- MACMILLAN, 2009

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