Year 10 – Unit 5: OCEANS ON THE EDGE Investigating the global pattern  coral reefs or how this has changed in the past 50 years. Explain the global threats to this marine ecosystem. Text book 104 - 110

In pairs, write a list of all the things you associate with… STARTER In pairs, write a list of all the things you associate with… oceans

LESSON 1+2 Lesson Objectives: map the location of the world’s coral reefs accurately describe their location, using exam technique know the values of a coral reef (what they provide) to be able to recall facts about the Great Barrier Reef

Types of ocean environments Deep Ocean Continental Shelf Barrier Reef Estuaries Mangroves Salt Marsh

FOCUS: Coral Reefs Why are coral reefs found near the surface? How many different species are found in coral reefs? Why are coral reefs described as the “Rainforests of the ocean”?

Don’t forget to give your map a Title Key and Labels Blank map Don’t forget to give your map a Title Key and Labels

Don’t forget to give your map a title Key and labels Using the map below, shade the areas of the world, on your blank map, where you find coral reefs. Add tropics and equator Don’t forget to give your map a title Key and labels

Answering exam questions Study your map showing the location of coral reefs. Identify the main areas where coral reefs occur. (3 marks) Explain why coral reefs are found in one of the areas you identified (2 marks) Identify 10 ways that humans use coral reef and the risks this may cause to the ecosystem Suggest how the distribution of reef ecosystems may change over the next century

TYPES OF OCEAN ENVIRONMENT. Biodiversity, value and threat level Deep Ocean Continental Shelf Barrier Reef Estuaries Mangroves Salt Marsh

Bio-diversity levels Rainforest of the Ocean? The Great Barrier Reef

RESEARCH: Great Barrier Reef The reef is located in the Coral Sea, off the coast of Queensland in northeast Australia. The Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest reef system composed of over 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands stretching for over 2,600 kilometres over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres This reef supports a wide diversity of life, and was selected as a World Heritage Site in 1981. The Great Barrier Reef is a nesting ground for endangered species like green and loggerhead turtles and a breeding ground for humpback whales. Over 1500 species of fish live on the Great Barrier Reef, representing 10% of world fish species. The Great Barrier Reef supports a diversity of life, including many vulnerable or endangered species, some of which may be endemic to the reef system.

The value of coral reefs Tourism Magnet for world’s tourists Countries in the Caribbean get over half their income from reef tourism Exploitation for fishing 4000 species of fish provide food 25% of world’s commercial fish catch comes from coral reefs The value of coral reefs Shoreline protection Provide protection from storms, tsunami and wave erosion. Can grow with rising sea levels, protect against climate change Education and research Learn about marine life Other uses Medicine source To make decorative objects such as jewellery A source of lime for cement and building Aquarium trade Supply tropical fish, sea horses and plants for our fish tanks!

WHAT ARE THE MAJOR THREATS TO CORAL REEFS AND WHICH ARE MOST SEVERE? Active teach interactive

What would happen if the world’s coral reefs disappeared? To understand, we need to investigate physical processes within marine environments…FOOD WEBS and NUTRIENT CYCLING

Define these common features of marine ecosystems with examples…. What are the features of a marine ecosystem? Watch the following video and add to your definitions for the following living parts of an ecosystem: producers consumers predator prey decomposers Carnivore Herbivore Omnivore Define these common features of marine ecosystems with examples….

Food web and Nutrient Cycling?

L2: GLOBAL THREATS TO OCEAN ENVIRONMTNES? Go through book pgs 105 -110 What are the key threats? How are they damaging these environments? Are they threatening their existence? Deep Ocean Continental Shelf Coral Reef Estuaries Mangroves Salt Marsh

THREAT 1: Overfishing Describe + Explain

Describe + Explain Explain why this is a problem

Aqua-culture

Explain why this is a problem

Eutrophication

Eutrophication : Marine dead zones

Plastics and Pollution Plastic islands 1

Tourism Impacts

Oil Extraction

Climate Change - Bleaching

Higher Sea Levels Warmer Water Acidity and Bleaching CLIMATE CHANGE : Other effects of climate change on oceans? Warmer Water Acidity and Bleaching Complete notes from pg 109

GLOBAL THREATS TO OCEAN ENVIRONMENTS? Farming Overfishing + trawling Agriculture Eutrophication Aqua Culture Pollution – Plastics, Oil, Climate change Deep Ocean Continental Shelf Coral Reef Estuaries Mangroves Salt Marsh

How are ocean food web and nutrient cycling affected by threats?

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