BUSINESS LEVEL STRATEGY ANALYSIS The Positioning Approach. Porter’s 5 Forces. Value Chain Analysis. The Generic Strategies.

The Positioning Approach The oldest approach to military strategy. The newest of the three prescriptive approaches to strategy . Design and Planning Approaches were explained in Chapter 3. Focuses on how firms in a given context differ in product market positions compared to the competition. 80

Premises of The Positioning Approach Strategy follows structure. Looks at the groups of competitors in an industry. Relies more heavily on calculation than the design or planning schools. Places even more emphasis on the role of strategic planners. 81

Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Breaking Apart Industry-Level Competition 87

Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Threat of Entry

The 6 Barriers of Entry Economies of Scale. Product Differentiation. Capital Requirements. Cost Disadvantages Independent of Size. Access to Distribution Channels. Government Policy. 89

Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Power of Buyers

Buyer Power Determinants Bargaining Leverage. Buyer Concentration Buyer Volume. Buyer Switching Costs. Buyer Information. Ability to Integrate Backward. Substitute Products. Pull-Through. 90

Buyer Power Determinants Price Sensitivity. Price/Total Purchases Product Differences. Brand Identity. Impact on Quality/Performance. Buyer Profits. Decision-Maker’s Incentives. 90

Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Power of Suppliers

Supplier Power Determinants Differentiation of Inputs. Switching Costs of Suppliers. Presence of Substitute Products. Supplier Concentration. Importance of Volume to Supplier. Cost Relative to Total Purchases in the Industry. Impact of Inputs on Cost or Differentiation. 90

Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Power of Substitutes

Relative Price Performance of Substitute. Switching Costs. Power of Substitutes Relative Price Performance of Substitute. Switching Costs. Buyer Propensity to Substitute. 92

Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Competitive Rivalry

Determinants of Rivalry Industry Growth. Fixed Costs/Value Added. Intermittent Overcapacity. Product Differences. Brand Identity. Switching Costs. Concentration and Balance. Informational Complexity. Diversity of Competitors. Corporate Stakes. Exit Barriers. 92

Determinants of Rivalry Competition is Everything!!! Industry Growth. Fixed Costs/Value Added. Intermittent Overcapacity. Product Differences. Brand Identity. Switching Costs. Concentration and Balance. Informational Complexity. Diversity of Competitors. Corporate Stakes. Exit Barriers.

Value Chain Analysis Figure 3 98

Value Chain Analysis Primary Activities Margin Inbound Logistics Outbound Logistics Marketing & Sales Service Operations Margin Primary Activities Figure 3

Value Chain Analysis Primary Activities Procurement Human Resource Management Margin Technology Development Procurement Inbound Logistics Outbound Logistics Marketing & Sales Service Operations Margin Primary Activities Figure 3

Value Chain Analysis developing a distinctive competence. Importance of value-chain analysis is that it provides a framework for identifying or developing a distinctive competence. 82

Devising a Plan of Action Position the Company. Influence the Balance of the Forces. Anticipate Shifts in the Forces. 93

Creating Families of Strategies . Locating the core business. . Distinguishing the core business. . Elaborating the core business. . Extending the core business. . Reconceiving the core business. 94

The Core Business is reflected in the Choice of Generic Strategies Creating Families of Strategies . Locating the core business. . Distinguishing the core business. . Elaborating the core business. . Extending the core business. . Reconceiving the core business. The Core Business is reflected in the Choice of Generic Strategies

Porter’s Generic Strategies Cost Advantage Lower Cost Differentiation Broad Target 1. Cost Leadership Competitive Scope Narrow Target 99 Figure 4

Porter’s Generic Strategies Cost Advantage Lower Cost Differentiation Broad Target 1. Cost Leadership 2. Differentiation Competitive Scope Narrow Target Figure 4

Porter’s Generic Strategies Cost Advantage Lower Cost Differentiation Broad Target 1. Cost Leadership 2. Differentiation Competitive Scope Narrow Target 3A. Cost Focus Figure 4

Porter’s Generic Strategies Cost Advantage Lower Cost Differentiation Broad Target 1. Cost Leadership 2. Differentiation Competitive Scope 3B. Differentiation Focus Narrow Target 3A. Cost Focus Figure 4

Strategies of Differentiation Price Differentiation. Image Differentiation. Support Differentiation. Quality Differentiation. Design Differentiation. Undifferentiation. 99

Strategies of Scope Unsegmentation. Segmentation. Niche. Customizing. 100

Elaborating the Core Business Penetration Strategies. Market Development Strategies. Geographic Expansion Strategies. Product Development Strategies. 101

Elaborating the Core Business Penetration Strategies. Market Development Strategies. Geographic Expansion Strategies. Product Development Strategies.

Ways to Elaborate a Given Business Existing Product New Product Product Development Strategies Penetration Strategies Existing Market Market Development Strategies Diversification Strategies New Market Figure 5 101

Questions ?

End of Presentation