Date of download: 11/12/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Alternative Fuels Based on Biomass: An Experimental and Modeling Study of Ethanol Cofiring to Natural Gas J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power. 2015;137(9): doi: / Pressure (right axis) and emission signals (left axis) of a C 2 H 5 OH/O 2 /Ar mixture (φ = 1.0), at p 5 = 4.12 bar and T 5 = 1050 K, dilution with Ar 1:5 Figure Legend:

Date of download: 11/12/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Alternative Fuels Based on Biomass: An Experimental and Modeling Study of Ethanol Cofiring to Natural Gas J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power. 2015;137(9): doi: / Comparison between measured (symbols) and calculated (curves) ignition delay times of ethanol/O 2 /Ar mixtures (φ = 1.0, dilution with Ar 1:5). Calculations with reaction models of: DLR-RG, p.w., full, Marinov [23], dashed, Curran and coworkers [14], dotted, Left: p = 1 bar; right: p = 4 bar. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 11/12/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Alternative Fuels Based on Biomass: An Experimental and Modeling Study of Ethanol Cofiring to Natural Gas J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power. 2015;137(9): doi: / Burning velocities of ethanol/air mixtures at p = 1 bar and four preheat temperatures: T 0 = 298 K, T 0 = 343 K, T 0 = 363 K, and T 0 = 453 K. Measurements (symbols): triangles: Egolfopoulos et al. [19]. Calculations (curves, small symbols) with DLR-RG. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 11/12/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Alternative Fuels Based on Biomass: An Experimental and Modeling Study of Ethanol Cofiring to Natural Gas J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power. 2015;137(9): doi: / Burning velocities of ethanol/air mixtures at T 0 = 373 K for p = 1bar (open symbols) and p = 5 bar (full symbols). Measurements: Beeckmann et al. [18]; calculations (curves, small symbols) with DLR-RG. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 11/12/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Alternative Fuels Based on Biomass: An Experimental and Modeling Study of Ethanol Cofiring to Natural Gas J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power. 2015;137(9): doi: / Comparison between measured (symbols) and calculated (curves) ignition delay times of 10% ethanol/NG/O 2 /Ar mixtures (φ = 0.5, dilution with Ar 1:5). Calculations with reaction models of: DLR-RG, p.w., full, Marinov [23], dashed, Curran and coworkers [14], dotted, Left: p = 1 bar; right: p = 4 bar. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 11/12/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Alternative Fuels Based on Biomass: An Experimental and Modeling Study of Ethanol Cofiring to Natural Gas J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power. 2015;137(9): doi: / Comparison between measured (symbols) and calculated (curves) ignition delay times of 10% ethanol/NG/O 2 /Ar mixtures (φ = 1.0, dilution with Ar 1:5). Calculations with reaction models of: DLR-RG, p.w., full, Marinov [23], dashed, Curran and coworkers [14], dotted, Left: p = 1 bar; right: p = 4 bar. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 11/12/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Alternative Fuels Based on Biomass: An Experimental and Modeling Study of Ethanol Cofiring to Natural Gas J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power. 2015;137(9): doi: / Comparison between measured (symbols) and calculated (curves) ignition delay times of 10%-ethanol/NG/O 2 /Ar mixtures (dilution with Ar 1:5) for p = 1 bar and p = 4 bar. Calculations with reaction models of: DLR-RG, p.w., full, Marinov [23], dashed, Curran and coworkers [14], dotted, Left: φ = 0.5; right: φ = 1.0. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 11/12/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Alternative Fuels Based on Biomass: An Experimental and Modeling Study of Ethanol Cofiring to Natural Gas J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power. 2015;137(9): doi: / Comparison between calculated (curve, small symbol, DLR-RG model, p.w.) and measured (large symbol, Beekmann et al. [18]) burning velocities of ethanol/air and 10% ethanol/NG/air mixtures at T 0 = 373 K for p = 1 bar (open symbol) and p = 5 bar (full symbol) Figure Legend:

Date of download: 11/12/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Alternative Fuels Based on Biomass: An Experimental and Modeling Study of Ethanol Cofiring to Natural Gas J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power. 2015;137(9): doi: / Comparison between measured (symbols) and calculated (curves) ignition delay times of fuel/O 2 /Ar mixtures (φ = 1.0, dilution with Ar 1:5): triangles: ethanol; circles: NG + 10% ethanol; squares: NG. Calculations with reaction models of: DLR-RG, p.w., full, Marinov [23], dashed, Curran and coworkers [14], dotted, Left: p = 1 bar; right: p = 4 bar. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 11/12/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Alternative Fuels Based on Biomass: An Experimental and Modeling Study of Ethanol Cofiring to Natural Gas J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power. 2015;137(9): doi: / Predicted (curves) ignition delay times of fuel/O 2 /Ar mixtures (φ = 1.0, dilution with Ar 1:5): ethanol: full; NG + 10% ethanol: dashed, NG + 20% ethanol: dotted, NG + 50% ethanol: dashed–dotted; NG: dashed–dotted–dotted. Calculations with reaction model of DLR- RG, p.w. Left: p = 1 bar; right: p = 4 bar. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 11/12/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Alternative Fuels Based on Biomass: An Experimental and Modeling Study of Ethanol Cofiring to Natural Gas J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power. 2015;137(9): doi: / Predicted (curves) ignition delay times of fuel/O 2 /Ar mixtures (φ = 0.5, dilution with Ar 1:5): ethanol: full; NG + 10% ethanol: dashed, NG + 20% ethanol: dotted, NG + 50% ethanol: dashed–dotted; NG: dashed–dotted–dotted. Calculations with reaction model of DLR- RG, p.w. Left: p = 1 bar; right: p = 4 bar. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 11/12/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Alternative Fuels Based on Biomass: An Experimental and Modeling Study of Ethanol Cofiring to Natural Gas J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power. 2015;137(9): doi: / Comparison between calculated (curves) and measured (large symbols, Beekmann et al. [18]) burning velocities of fuel/air mixtures at T 0 = 373 K: triangles: ethanol; circles: 90% NG + 10% ethanol; 80% NG + 20% ethanol; 50% NG + 50% ethanol; squares: NG. Calculations with reaction model DLR-RG, p.w. Left: p = 1 bar; right: p = 5 bar. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 11/12/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Alternative Fuels Based on Biomass: An Experimental and Modeling Study of Ethanol Cofiring to Natural Gas J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power. 2015;137(9): doi: / Comparison between calculated (curves) and measured (large symbols, Beekmann et al. [18]) burning velocities of fuel/air mixtures at T 0 = 373 K: NG: (squares); ethanol: (stars, circles, triangles, rhombs); NG + 10% ethanol: (curves, with circles). Calculations with reaction model DLR-RG, p.w. Left: p = 1 bar; right: p = 5 bar. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 11/12/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Alternative Fuels Based on Biomass: An Experimental and Modeling Study of Ethanol Cofiring to Natural Gas J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power. 2015;137(9): doi: / Characteristic combustion properties. Left: laminar flame speeds of different fuel–air mixtures, p = 1 bar, T 0 = 373 K. Experiments −50%H 2 /50% methane mixture [8]; calculations (curves) with a detailed reaction model, GRI 3.0 [22]. Right: ignition delay times of different fuel–air mixtures diluted in argon 1:5. Comparison between experiment (symbols) and calculations (curves, with DLR-RG reaction model, p.w.) for: φ = 1.0, p = 4 bar, oxidizer: 79% Ar, 21% O 2. Circles: H 2 [24]; squares: 50% H 2 /50% CO [17]; stars: biogenic mixture [6,35]; rhombs: NG [24]; triangles: CH 4. Figure Legend: