3.2) Data sharing and dissemination Data Sharing between OBIS-SEAMAP, OBIS and GBIF

I.OBIS-SEAMAP, OBIS and GBIF Global Biodiversity Information Facility  Biodiversity database for any forms of life on Earth Ocean Biogeographic Information System  The biggest database for marine life  Central node for the International OBIS Network  Initiated by Census of Marine Life  Now part of IOC/IODE* of UNESCO  Holds more than 30 million records Ocean Biogeographic Information System Spatial Ecological Analysis of Megavertebrate Populations  Thematic node of OBIS  Specializes on protected species (marine mammals, seabirds, sea turtles)  Research oriented IOC: Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission IODE: International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange

II. Data Sharing Network other providers… Thematic nodes Fishbase… Regional nodes OBIS-USA OBIS Australia… other providers… DiGIR DiGIR etc. providers…

III.DiGIR  Designed a long time ago based on Darwin Core mainly focusing on museum specimens  Defines metadata standards and data schema  Defines data exchange protocol o Metadata and data are exchanged in XML  Provides web-based data exchange tool “DiGIR Provider”  The tool is no longer maintained/upgraded  Other schema/protocols/tools under development o TAPIR ( o GBIF IPT ( o GIBF also has started a new development of sharing tool GBIF Nodes Portal Toolkit (NPT)

III. Promoting collaboration  Reach broader audiences  Fill taxonomic/spatial/temporal gaps  Regional analyses to global analyses  Enhance collaboration  Complimentary/collaborative to each other o Each service/node has its own objective, strength, specialization, niche o Need to identify yourself (what you want to do yourself, borrow from other portals/data sources and share with others) o Each service/node tends to be tied to particular projects, partners and positioned in a organizational chart.

IV. Policy and Concerns – general issues -  What to share at what levels? o Raw/original data as it is or processed/filtered data o Metadata only for discovery sites (plus bounding box? Centroid?) o Can be transferred to other portals?  What’s overlapped and what’s not? o Not a good idea to make huge effort to create a duplicate service o What’s your niche?  How to give appropriate citation and credit to the original provider o Notification of data use/download? o Links to the original data source(s)  How to avoid duplications o unique identifiers to people, projects, and datasets o DOI (Digital Object Identifiers)? Lifescience identifiers?  Terms of Use o GBIF and OBIS data are free to use o OBIS-SEAMAP requires the user to get permission from providers

V. Policy and Concerns – Data richness, interpretation and metadata -  How to maintain data richness o Each service/node may have different schema o Some attributes may get lost o Non-traditional data types o Value resolution/precision  Metadata standards o FGDC, ISO, DiGIR, EML (Ecological Metadata Language)? o Stick to one standard or allow for multiple standards and develop conversion tools?  How to inform appropriate interpretation of data o 1,000 records of a tagged animal movement may end up with an overestimate of abundance o Derived product or raw data? o How data are processed?  How much detail to share o Locations every 10 minutes is too many? Once a day? o Good points only or bad points as well? o More sophisticated analyses in the future may need more details (even bad points)

VI. Possible options for linkage  Discovery portal (metadata portal)  Data archive (actual data)  Processed/cleaned data portal  Raw data archive  Data & metadata portal  Data & metadata portal  Complimentary functionality-wise, data type-wise o OBIS-SEAMAP’s mapping & visualization features  Actual sound data & annotated sound visualization  Gateway to other portals GCMD metadata portal Metadata Link to sound data MobySound (acoustic data portal)

VII. Example of data dissemination & collaboration STAT To bigger portals Biologging data Stream in Other data providers Raw/processed data Metadata Other data providers Link back to data source