Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research NIOZ is part of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

The Ocean perspective on frontal air-sea exchange over the wintertime Gulf Stream or…CLIMODE Redux The separated Gulf Stream (GS) is one of the ocean hot.

Advertisements

Past, current and envisioned activities in the Labrador Sea

1 ICES/NAFO Symposium Santander May Seasonal to interannual variability of temperature and salinity in the Nordic Seas: heat and freshwater budgets.

Water mass transformation in the Iceland Sea Irminger Sea, R/V Knorr, October 2008 Kjetil Våge Kent Moore Steingrímur Jónsson Héðinn Valdimarsson.

Distribution of waters 71% of earth surface is ocean 4:1 in southern hemisphere 1.5:1 in northern hemisphere.

Thermohaline circulation ●The concept of meridional overturning ●Deep water formation and property Antarctic Bottom Water North Atlantic Deep Water Antarctic.

Slide 1 Predicting the Climate of Europe: the THOR project Laurent Mortier – University of Paris for Detlef Quadfasel (co-ordinator), University of Hamburg.

OCEAN CURRENTS AND WEATHER. Oceans currents are created by: surface wind, corliolis effect, land shape, and salt content and temperature of the water.

Observed variability of hydrography and transport at 53°N in the Labrador Sea Johannes Karstensen GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel With.

1 Surface Circulation Pathways Generally, warm currents move poleward and cool currents move equatorward.

Ocean Stratification and Circulation Martin Visbeck DEES, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory

Thermohaline Circulation (THC) By Ross Alter. What is it? “…that part of the ocean circulation which is driven by fluxes of heat and freshwater across.

Deep Thermohaline currents

Lecture 7: The Oceans (1) EarthsClimate_Web_Chapter.pdfEarthsClimate_Web_Chapter.pdf, p

Evaporative heat flux (Q e ) 51% of the heat input into the ocean is used for evaporation. Evaporation starts when the air over the ocean is unsaturated.

Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) Review 09 – 11 March 2010 Satellite Observations of Seasonal Sediment Plume in the Central East China.

Andrew Budnick October 7 th, 2011 North Atlantic oxygen: Summary and results Andrew Budnick Undergraduate, Princeton University.

Abigail Spieler Oral Examination Presentation March 28, 2005

THOR-CT3 Summary 26 September 2012

Model LSW formation rate (2 yr averages) estimated from: (red) CFC-12 inventories, (black) mixed layer depth and (green) volume transport residual. Also.

Mode (Eighteen Degree) Water V.Y. Chow EPS Dec 2005.

Physical Variability Atlantic Shelves, Coastal Areas.

Transport in the Subpolar and Subtropical North Atlantic

NACLIM CT 2 Monitoring of North Atlantic parameters New Lead: Johannes Karstensen (GEOMAR) and Karin M. H. Larsen (HAV) WP 2.1 Exchanges across the Greenland-Scotland.

Part II: Where are we going? Like an ocean... The waves crash down... Introducing OCEAN ATMOSPHERE INTERACTION.

Using a climate change story to teach about large lake processes Jay Austin Associate Professor Large Lakes Observatory /Department of Physics University.

NACLIM CT 2 Monitoring of North Atlantic parameters Core Theme sessions Trieste 2 nd Oct 9:00-13:00 Lead: Svein Østerhus and Johannes Karstensen WP 2.1.

North Atlantic Observing System

THOR CT3 Meeting – Torshavn 2009 – Fischer/Visbeck/Zantopp/Nunes In the Labrador Sea, overflow water from the Denmark Strait and from the Iceland-Scotland.

Abrupt changes in the Labrador Sea within CMIP5

Northern and southern influences on the MOC Claus Böning (IFM-GEOMAR, Kiel) with Arne Biastoch, Markus Scheinert, Erik Behrens Northern and southern influences.

An example of vertical profiles of temperature, salinity and density.

Typical Distributions of Water Characteristics in the Oceans.

Ekman pumping Integrating the continuity equation through the layer:. Assume and let, we have is transport into or out of the bottom of the Ekman layer.

Measuring the eastern boundary inflow to the Labrador Sea

Ocean Water Chemistry and Currents. Ocean Water Chemistry Salinity: the amount of salt dissolved in ocean water –1kg of ocean water contains 35g of salt.

Seawater Chapter 15 Section 2.

Salinity and Density Differences VERTICAL STRUCTURE, THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION & WATER MASSES.

Multi-decadal simulation of Atlantic Ocean climate variability driven by realistic high-frequency atmospheric reanalysis Z. Garraffo, G.Halliwell, L. Smith,

Coastal Oceanography Outline Global coastal ocean Dynamics Western boundary current systems Eastern boundary current systems Polar ocean boundaries Semi-enclosed.

Recent Variability in Ocean Climate in the Scotia-Maine and Adjacent Regions Brian Petrie, Roger Pettipas, Charles Hannah Bedford Institute of Oceanography.

SPURS Synthesis Research Objectives: Budget calculations Resolve important terms of the freshwater and heat budgets of the upper 1000 m on temporal scales.

10/24/03search_osm_10_032 Abrupt Change in Deep Water Formation in the Greenland Sea: Results from Hydrographic and Tracer Time Series SEARCH Open Science.

Ocean Currents. The water in the ocean is constantly moving The water in the ocean is constantly moving Broad bands of ocean water that flow in one direction.

Freshwater transformations in the Beaufort Gyre and model intercomparison results Andrey Proshutinsky, Rick Krishfield, John Toole Woods Hole Oceanographic.

ASOF II Objectives What are the fluxes of mass, heat, liquid freshwater and ice from the Arctic Ocean into the subpolar North Atlantic? How will anticipated.

For a barotropic flow, we have is geostrophic current.

Our water planet and our water hemisphere

Define and we have • At the sea surface (z=0), the surface current flows at 45o to the right of the wind direction Depends on constant Az => • Current.

Define and we have • At the sea surface (z=0), the surface current flows at 45o to the right of the wind direction Depends on constant Az => • Current.

Define and we have • At the sea surface (z=0), the surface current flows at 45o to the right of the wind direction Depends on constant Az => • Current.

Two stable equilibria of the Atlantic subpolar gyre

Lesson 7: Ocean Layers II Physical Oceanography

WHOTS ALOHA Roger Lukas*, Fernando Santiago-Mandujano*, Robert Weller#, Albert Plueddemann# * SOEST/University of Hawaii # Woods Hole Oceanographic.

North Atlantic Sub-Polar Gyre

Class The Oceans PROPERTIES OF SEA WATER Salinity

Ocean Currents, and El Nino

The Oceans, Solid Earth, the Carbon Cycle, and Climate\\

Causes of Tropical Circulation Variability

Path Forward Discussion

On the nature of winter cooling and the recent temperature shift on the northern Gulf of Alaska shelf Thomas Weingartner1, Markus Janout1, Seth Danielson1.

Heat Transport by the Atmosphere and ocean

(Pinet) Major ocean current systems 4 Surface patterns extend as deep as 1000 m 5.

Mid Atlantic Water Property Measurements W. S

Ocean Currents.

Deep Circulation Changes in density cause ocean currents Cold Warm

Unit 1 Structure and Motion Part 2

Lesson 7: Ocean Layers II Physical Oceanography

Presentation transcript:

Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research NIOZ is part of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO)

The LOCO mooring  Center of Irminger Gyre, near AR7W section.  Now near OSNAP line.  First deployed in Sept Most recent recovery 19 July Maintained by NIOZ under NACLIM

Irminger Sea moorings German Central Irminger Sea (CIS) mooring. -Discrete sensors (12 microcats, 3 current meters). -Biochemical sensors in mixed layer. Recently joined by OOI (Ocean Observatories Initiative) -Three moorings -Gliders -Surface buoy NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research OOI LOCO CIS

Why the Irminger Sea? Region of deep water formation. At the start of the program not much was known. Weak stratification Occasional strong surface forcing Summer hydrographic sections were not enough.

What have we learned? Significant deep convection occurs. Primarily dependent on sfc heat flux, sec. on stratification.

CIS time series CIS time series of conservative temp, absolute salinity and potential density. Heating and warming at start, but cooling and freshening after several convective years. NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research Fig. Johannes Karstensen, GEOMAR

Hydrography July 2015 AR7E/OSNAP east CTD sections shows large volume of recently ventilated water.  Low temperature/salinity.  High O 2.  Density ranges of LSW.  Resembles situation of 1990s.

Relation to SST anomalies Cold NA subpolar gyre in a warm winter/year. (warming hole or cold blob) Speculations about relation to declining AMOC.

ERSST time series NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research Interannual and multidecadal variability in ocean Vs Continuous heating of Northern Hemisphere. Recent cold winter(s) dropped Subpolar Gyre below Tref.

Mostly caused by local sfc forcing At LOCO the temperature changes can be explained nearly entirely through surface buoyancy forcing. North Atlantic Regional Reanalysis (NARR) forcing. LOCO/Argo 1 km temp. Cold with respect to NOAA ref. period, not as cold as the 1990s T 0 to 1000m Apply sfc flux(t) on T(t-1) + constant heating de Jong & de Steur, subm. to GRL.

Future plans LOCO Current funding under NACLIM is running out. Redeployed for a 2-year period in July 2016, unknown after CIS will be redeployed on 2016 and decommissioned in OOI Continue past Will provide measurements of convection which may show relation to transport through OSNAP array. NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research

Salinity profiles NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research Some freshening, but not nearly as fresh (yet) as the 1990s. Will take successive years of freshwater input and mixing. practical salinity AR7E