© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.2 (a) Hydra(b) Redwoods Parent 0.5 mm Bud Asexual Reproduction

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.1 Sexual Reproduction

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.3b Pair of homologous duplicated chromosomes Centromere Sister chromatids Metaphase chromosome 5  m

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.4 Key Centromere Pair of homologous chromosomes (one from each set) Sister chromatids of one duplicated chromosome Two nonsister chromatids in a homologous pair 2n  6

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Normal Female SEX CHROMOSOMES

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Normal Male

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Figure 10.5 Key Haploid (n) Diploid (2n) Egg (n) Haploid gametes (n  23) Sperm (n) OvaryTestis Diploid zygote (2n  46) Mitosis and development Multicellular diploid adults (2n  46) MEIOSIS FERTILIZATION

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.7

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.8a MEIOSIS I: Separates homologous chromosomes Prophase IMetaphase IAnaphase I Telophase I and Cytokinesis Sister chromatids Sister chromatids remain attached Cell divides Homologous chromosomes separate Crossing Over Homologous chromosomes

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.8b MEIOSIS II: Separates sister chromatids Prophase IIMetaphase IIAnaphase II Telophase II and Cytokinesis Sister chromatids separate Haploid daughter cells forming

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.9a MITOSISMEIOSIS Metaphase 2n2n2n2n Daughter cells of mitosis Parent cell 2n = 6 Chromosome duplication Chiasma MEIOSIS I Prophase I Metaphase I MEIOSIS II Daughter cells of meiosis II nn nn Anaphase Telophase Homologous chromosome pair Chromosome duplication Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure Possibility 1 Possibility 2 Two equally probable arrangements of chromosomes at metaphase I Metaphase II Daughter cells Combination 1Combination 2Combination 3Combination 4 Independent Assortment

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Crossing Over

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure Prophase I of meiosis Pair of homologs Chiasma Centromere TEM Synapsis and crossing over Breakdown of proteins holding sister chromatid arms together Daughter cells Recombinant chromosomes Nonsister chromatids held together during synapsis