The Roaring Twenties Changes that occurred in American life following WWI The Great Migration North The Red Scare Inventions and Technology The effects of the automobile on American society and culture Music, art, and literature, Key individuals

Changes in America following WWI Labor saving products Electric lighting Movement to the suburbs Entertainment Improved communication

Labor Saving Products = Freedom Labor saving products came on the scene and changed daily life. People now had more leisure time. Some examples of these products are –washing machines and vacuum cleaners.

Electric Lighting By the 1920s, more than 60% of American households had electricity.

Movement to the Suburbs Cars contributed to the spread of suburbs ( a residential area on the outskirts of town). People could live in a suburb and still have a job in the city.

Entertainment = Improved Communication Radios First commercial radio broadcast – KDKA in Pittsburgh Programs included –News –Concerts –Sporting events –Comedies –Music

Movies Offered entertainment Offered escape Were black and white Were called talkies First talkie – The Jazz Singer

The Great Migration North During WWI, more than 500,000 African Americans had left the South for new jobs in the North. Why? Low-paying jobs in the south Discrimination and violence in the south Better employment opportunities in the north Segregation in the south An increase in lynching

However, this northern migration caused Race riots Discrimination Violence - mainly in the north Increased activity of the Klu Klux Klan

The Red Scare - was a period when the government went after “Reds” - as communists were known, and others with radical views such as anarchists. Sacco and Vanzetti

Anarchists – people who believe there should be no government In the early 1920s, the government deported – expelled about 500 aliens it had arrested because they were considered dangerous.

Inventions and Technology Wider availability of consumer goods Assembly line Radio Increased demand for electricity Higher standard of living Advertising Brand Names Installment buying More leisure time for me!!

Advertisements of the 1920s

The effects of the automobile on American society Detroit, Michigan became the automobile manufacturing center of the world. The automobile Increased mobility Allowed movement to the suburbs Provided new jobs Supported industries such as: –Steel –Road construction –Tourism –Oil

The Harlem Renaissance - was a burst of creativity in Harlem (an area in New York City) during the 1920s

Music- -The Age of Jazz Louis Armstrong – jazz composer during the Harlem Renaissance Duke Ellington- jazz composer during the Harlem Renaissance

Bessie Smith-blues singer during the Harlem Renaissance

Aaron Copeland – composer of uniquely American music both jazz and classical George Gershwin – composer of uniquely American music. Musicals: Porgy and Bess, Funny Face

Art Georgia O’Keefe– artist, urban scenes, Southwest landscapes and flowers

Jacob Lawrence- African American painter, experiences of the Great Migration North

Literature Langston Hughes - poet who combined the experiences of African and American cultural roots Dream Variations To fling my arms wide In some place of the sun, To whirl and to dance Till the white day is done. Then rest at cool evening Beneath a tall tree While night comes on gently, Dark like me-- That is my dream! To fling my arms wide In the face of the sun, Dance! Whirl! Whirl! Till the quick day is done. Rest at pale evening... A tall, slim tree... Night coming tenderly Black like me.

F. Scott Fitzgerald – novelist, wrote about the Jazz Age of the 1920s John Steinbeck – novelist, wrote about migrant workers in the 1930s

Key Individuals who impacted the 1920s Wright Brothers – Inventors of the airplane Henry Ford- automobile industry use of the assembly line

David Sarnoff – Head of RCA, began experimenting with the idea of broadcast journalism – first in radio and then TV Gugelielmo Marconi – Pioneer of wireless communications “the radio”

Prohibition – the forbidding by law of the making or selling of alcoholic beverages The Temperance Movement worked to rid alcohol in America. The 18 th Amendment made it illegal to manufacture, transport, and sell alcoholic beverages in our country It was passed in Because the 18 th Amendment didn’t work, Congress voted to pass the 21 st Amendment which repealed the 18 th Amendment.

The following resulted from the 18 th Amendment Moonshine – homemade alcohol Bootleggers – people who made and sold alcohol illegally Speakeasies – clubs where alcohol was sold illegally Organized crime

Changing Role of Women The symbol of the 1920’s American women was the flapper. (women who were eager to try something new )

Women discovered more personal freedom in the 1920s. drove cars played sports went to college had new job opportunities could vote gained property rights