Russian contribution to ExoMars TGO: Atmospheric Chemistry Suite (ACS) Alexey Shakun and ACS Team Berlin May 31, 2016

MIR, echelle+cross-dispersion TIRVIM, Fourier Spectral range 0.73 – 1.6 μ  ~ Operation modes: Nadir and Solar Occultation FOV: 2°×0.02° nadir, 0.3°×0.02° occultation NIR, echelle+AOTF Spectral range 2.3 – 4.2 μ  ~ Operation modes: Solar Occultation FOV: 0.23°×0.02° Spectral range 2 – 17 μ (600–5000 cm-1)  ~ 0.25cm-1 (Sun), 1.6cm-1 (Mars) Operation modes: Nadir and Solar Occultation FOV: Ø2.5° ACS = Atmospheric Chemistry Suite: Three spectrometers ACS: Three spectrometers

ACS: Overview Spectral rangeInst. rangeSpectral resolution ACS/MIR µm µm> ACS/NIR µm~0.17 µm> ACS/TIRVIM µmfull range0.25cm -1 occ 1.6 cm -1 nad Mass:33.5 kg Dimensions:600×470×520 mm 3 Power consumption:55 W (ave) Data rate:1600 Mbit/day NIR MIR TIR NIR TIR CH 4, H 2 O, HO 2, HDO, HF, HCL, CO, SO 2, CO 2 + isotopes, etc. T profiles, CO 2, H 2 O 2 dust, water ice H 2 O, O 2, CO 2 *O 2, *OH, *NO NIR MIR TIRVIM

ACS: Main NIR parameters Spectral range:0.7 – 1.6 μm (not covered by other instruments) Spectral resolving power  :~ Operation modes: Nadir, Solar Occultation FOV:30 x 0.3 mrad Mass / Power / Data rate:3.5 kg / 15 W / 0.5 Gbit/day

ACS NIR : μ with sspectral resolution ~2000 Nadir viewing (day side) –H 2 O abundance at 1.38 μm –O 2 dayglow – ozone tracer Solar occultation –CO 2, H 2 O, aerosols Limb –Nightglow in IR (O 2 1 Δ g 1.27 μm) SPICAM IR : 0.73 – 1.6 μ with high spectral resolution ~25000 Nadir viewing (day side) –H 2 O abundance at 1.38 μm –O 2 dayglow – ozone tracer Solar occultation –CO 2 density and temperature km, H 2 O for 0-80 km, O 2 (0.76 μm) for 0-50 km, aerosols 0-80 km Nadir viewing (night side) –O 2 1 Δ g 1.27 μm airglow –OH (1.43 μm) and NO (1.224 μm) airglow? Limb –Nightglow in IR (O 2 1 Δ g, OH and NO?) ACS NIR vs SPICAM/MEx

ACS: NIR calibration Model Measured

Example of raw NIR data, part of the solar spectrum around 1  ACS NIR: NEC measurements

Spectral range:2.3 – 4.2 μm Instantaneous coverage: nm ranges per measurement Spectral resolving power: ~ in methane range FOV:0.1 x 2.9 mrad Aperture ratio1:3 Operation modes: Solar Occultation Operation rate1-2 images/s S/N>500 Mass/ Power / Data:12 kg / 20 W / 1.2 Gbit per day Dimensions460 x 200 x 440 mm ACS: Main MIR parameters

Position 6-1 ( ) Position 1 ( ) Position 2 ( ) Position 3 ( ) Position 4 ( ) Position 5 ( ) Position 6-2 ( ) Position 7 ( ) Position 8 (1.7 0 ) Position 9 (3.5 0 ) Position 10 (5.3 0 ) Position 11 (7.1 0 ) Grating 1: 180 gr/mm Grating 2: 361 gr/mm Position 6-1 (Grating 1) is followed by pos. 6-2 (Grating 2) after 180° swap ~2.9 µm ~4.1 µm ~2.3 µm ~2.8 µm 100 ms needed to change position ACS: MIR secondary grating settings

CH 4 10 ppb at 20 km CH 4 C 2 H 4 C 2 H 6 HCl H 2 O CO 2 Grating Position #11: µm ACS: MIR performance

CH 4 H 2 O HDO CO 2 H 2 CO HCl NO2 Target altitude – 20 km Grating Position #10: µm ACS: MIR performance

3.39 μm He-Ne laser line ACS: MIR laboratory calibration Resolving power λ/Δλ≥50 000

ACS: MIR Sun calibration terrestrial atmosphere; µm

ACS MIR: NEC measurements

Spectral range: 2–17μ(600–5000cm -1 ) Inst. spectral range: 2–17μ Observation modes: Sun(occultation) Mars(nadir, day & night) Max OPD: 6cm Spectral resolution: 0.25cm -1 (Sun) 1.6cm -1 (Mars) FOV: One measurement: 2s(Sun) 7s(Mars, shift=24km) Pointing: Internal 1-axis Flight calibrations: Internal BB, space Max aperture: 2 inch (Mars mode) Mass: 12kg Power: 15W Thermal stabilization: Internal ACS: Main TIRVIM parameters

ACS: TIRVIM optical scheme

ACS: TIRVIM interferometer

ACS: TIRVIM Black Body spectrum

ACS: TIRVIM NEC measurements

ACS: TIRVIM Sun spectra (NEC)

cm -1 PFS-1 (1996) 500 cm PFS-2 (2003) 500 cm -1 2 TIRVIM 14/04/2016, Hamming apodization cm ACS: TIRVIM NER

ACS: development milestones Beginning of 2012: Russia invited to Exo-Mars project. Beginning of 2012: Russian science instruments for Exo-Mars TGO were selected. Beginning of 2012: ACS – three spectrometers and BE. January 2013: ACS Team got funding. March 2013: ACS ISM was delivered to ESA/TAS. April 2014: ACS EIM delivered to ESA/TAS. June 2014: Decision of ACS STM manufacturing with delivery to TAS-F in October October 2014: ACS STM (electrically representative) delivered to ESA/TAS. March 2015: ACS PFM assembled. April - May 2015: ACS PFM test campaign. 4 June 2015: ACS PFM delivered to EMO. June - October 2015: ACS PFM successfully integrated with TGO and tested (global test). 14 March 2016: Successful ExoMars launch!!! April 2016: Successful ACS functional check and NEC activity!!!

ACS: development milestones

ACS cooperation