Roadmap to Greener Computing Henri Mikkola

Eco-Friendly Product Lifecycle Today through globalization products travel long distances before reaching the end consumer. The fuel usage for transportation is a huge concern in terms of the environment and emissions released. The percentage of eco-friendly fuels are only 6% total including natural gas and biofuels. Gasoline 59% and Diesel 20%. Eco-friendly product lifecycle analysis and thinking can propose significant results in terms of the environment. Lifecycle consists of five phases; extraction of raw materials, manufacturing process, packaging and transport, use and end of life.

Extraction of Raw Materials Resources such as energy and materials are extracted from the natural raw materials. Extraction consumes limited natural resources, uses energy and causes pollution. Considering eco-friendly products; decrease material quantity, select the most appropriate materials, use wastes and byproducts as raw materials, prefer renewable materials and make products as such that require only one material type. Important to define where the raw materials come from.

Manufacturing Process The materials from the first phase are processed into parts and components, which are then assembled as a product. Manufacturing process requires energy and the materials generally involve the usage of chemicals (coolants, water, glue etc.) Optimize the production processes!

Packaging and Transport Globalization and therefore competition caused companies to move overseas; cut costs for example. The end product travels long distances before reaching the end consumer, packaged also many times during the process. Transportation causes a lot of emissions -> climate change, global warming, energy consumption etc. Achieve savings through decreasing the packaging, choose manufacturing sites on the basis of the consumer locations, combined transport and alternative fuels and optimize load.

Use Product use might require energy and secondary material (lubricants, water, coolants f.ex.) Lifetime of a product is the time the product can function properly. Environmental impact in this phase can also cause strain and stress to the user. After the functionality is decreased enough -> disposal.

End of Life Products can be treated in different ways in the end-of-life phase. Disassemble -> component reused. Materials can be recycled.

“Green” Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) FMEA performed during the design and product development phase. Developed by the military, used initially for aerospace and rocket industry. Reliability evaluation technique; determine the affect of system and equipment failure -> failures ranked based on the impact to the success of the mission and personnel or equipment safety. Current advancements come from automotive industry. FMEA can be used to asses the environmental impact of a product or a process. Green FMEA can define where corrective and pre-emptive procedures can be commenced to decrease the environmental burden of a product.

“Green” Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) Green FMEA can answer to following questions: How can a product or a part fail? What is the cause of this failure to the rest of the process? What is the cause of this failure to the environment? How to prevent the failure? FMEA assists to improve the quality and reliability. Less burden for the customers, users and the environment. Few benefits; Increased customer satisfaction, prevent or reduce costs, optimizes design, improved image and reputation of a company, decrease production time and cost, less scrap, rework and time spent on problem solving.

“Green” Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) Do things correctly in the first time. In designing a designer considers the sales department expectations, costs, and eco-design. Think about possible failure types; mechanical (external forces), chemical (exposed to chemical -> what happens?), environmental (environments affects towards the product; humidity, ozone, UV rays etc.), thermal (exposed to heat low or high?) and is the part recyclable. What is the failures cause for the rest of the product? Can cause severe environmental affects, different types of pollution, violation of laws, regulations and standards. Occurrence? The possibility of a risk and how to mitigate this. How high or probable can some risks be? How to prevent the failure? Ways to reduce the affects of a failure.

Eco-Design Tools Funmilade Odukomaiya Standalone Architecture Integrated Architecture

Product Description Software with reliability analysis technology Goal is to perform the following task based on well-established and recognized standards: Reliability analysis and prediction System reliability analysis Maintainability analysis Failure model and effects analysis System dependability analysis System safety analysis System hazard analysis Fault tree analysis Probabilistic risk analysis Sneak circuit analysis Lifecycle cost analysis ”Relex, ReliaSoft, Item and Isograph” offers programs that can share a common project system description

Product Description Software with environmental impact analysis technology Emissions trading Emission monitoring

Conclusions Editable Mockups: CAD software should be able to work more with light data and changes like parameter values, colors and relations should be allowed on the mockup Eco-design analysis integrated features should be more user-friendly Clear added value platform for managers and engineers