 Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV2) incidence: 1.6 million new cases each year prevalence: 50 million infected  Human Papillomavirus (HPV) incidence:

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Presentation transcript:

 Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV2) incidence: 1.6 million new cases each year prevalence: 50 million infected  Human Papillomavirus (HPV) incidence: 6.2 million new cases each year prevalence: 20 million infected

 MYTH: HSV2 is a painful, dangerous infection that affects only people with very active sex lives.  REALITY – 1 in 5 adult Americans (ages 12 and over) from all backgrounds, income levels and ethnic groups have HSV2 – About 1.6 million new cases occur each year – Like HSV1, type 2 is usually mild, SO mild that 90% of infected people don’t know they have it – HSV2 rarely causes complications or spreads to other parts of the body

 50 million Americans are infected  Prevalence is up 30% since the late 1970’s  Peak incidence is in the 20 to 30 year-old age bracket

 Sources – Skin-to-skin or mucous membrane- to-mucous membrane contact – Transmitted with or without recognizable Symptoms  Activities – Physical Relationships – Foreplay – Autoinoculation – Perinatal transmission

 Usually causes blisters in the genital area, but can affect any part below the waist Almost all HSV2 is encountered after childhood when people become sexually active People who have had a prior infection with HSV1 have a lower chance of getting symptoms with HSV2  Females are at higher risk of getting HSV2 – Female to male transmission (no condom, no visible symptoms): 4% – Male to female transmission (no condom, no visible symptoms): 17%

 Under a microscope, HSV1 and HSV2 are virtually identical, sharing approximately 50% of their DNA  Both types: – Infect the body’s mucosal surfaces, usually the mouth or genitals, and then establish latency in the nervous system – Many infected people have no symptoms, or symptoms too mild to notice – Can recur and spread even when no symptoms are present

 The site where the virus establishes latency in the body is called the “site of preference”  HSV1 usually establishes latency in the trigeminal ganglion, a collection of nerves near the ear  HSV2 usually establishes latency in the sacral ganglion at the base of the spine, and recurs in the genital area  Even these differences are not absolute – either type can reside in either or both parts of the body and infect oral and/or genital areas

 Women – Yeast infection – Vaginitis – UTI – Menstrual complaint – Hemorrhoids – Allergies (condoms, sperm, spermicide, pantyhose – Rash from Physical Relationships, shaving, bike seat  Men – Folliculitis – Jock itch – “Normal” itch – Zipper burns – Hemorrhoids – Allergy to condom – Irritation from tight jeans, Physical Relationships, bike seat – Insect bite

 Anti-viral therapies are standard for genital herpes – Stops virus from replicating, shortens duration of outbreaks, accelerates healing, reduces or prevent outbreaks altogether – Only works when taken as directed!  Antiviral Medications Oral doses – Acyclovir (Zovirax) – Valacyclovir (Valtrex) – Famciclovir (Famvir) Topical creams and ointment – Cannot cure outbreaks, but can be applied directly to site of an outbreak to relieve symptoms and shorten outbreak duration – Not as effective as oral treatments

 Dietary management – Arginine is an amino acid that the virus needs to replicate – Lysine is a different amino acid – it can suppress the herpes virus

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