Types of Evidence Notes. Empirical Evidence Evidence relating to or based on experience, observation, or experimentation. Evidence you have seen or read.

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Elements of an Argument

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Types of Evidence Notes

Empirical Evidence Evidence relating to or based on experience, observation, or experimentation. Evidence you have seen or read for yourself. Anecdotal Evidence Largely unscientific. Derived from anecdotes (stories, usually personal).

Logical Evidence Relies on logic and facts, appealing to an audience’s sense of reason. Evidence deduced from logical reasoning. Counterargument An argument made to oppose another argument.

Allusion An indirect reference to a famous person, place, event, or literary work. Repetition A technique in which a sound, word, phrase, or line is repeated for emphasis or unity RHETORICAL DEVICES

Rhetorical Questions Questions asked by a speaker without the expectation of an answer. Generally, the speaker already knows how you would answer the question. Analogy A point-by-point comparison between two things that are alike in some respect.

Claim (thesis) I should be allowed to work a part-time job on weekends Reason/grounds (topic sentence) Expenses connected with school and activities exceed what I can earn by doing chores. Evidence/backing Field trips, uniforms, and transportation cost about $150 a month. I earn about $80 a month now. Counterargument I know you think my schoolwork will suffer, but I’ve always done my homework, and I want to stay on the honor roll.