James L. Roark Michael P. Johnson Patricia Cline Cohen Sarah Stage Susan M. Hartmann CHAPTER 23 From New Era to Great Depression, The American Promise A History of the United States Fifth Edition Copyright © 2012 by Bedford/St. Martin's

I. The New Era A. A Business Government 1. Harding and the economy 2. President Coolidge 3. The president and the Court defend the free market 4. The defeat of progressive politics

I. The New Era B. Promoting Prosperity and Peace Abroad 1. The world’s economic leader 2. Disarmament 3. Pledge to renounce war 4. Private sector diplomacy C. Automobiles, Mass Production, and Assembly- Line Progress 1. Henry Ford and the automobile revolution 2. Assembly lines and specialization 3. Welfare capitalism

I. The New Era D. Consumer Culture 1. Economic prosperity 2. The rise of advertising 3. The problem of consumption 4. The rise of credit

II. The Roaring Twenties A. Prohibition 1. Banning alcohol 2. The difficulty of enforcement 3. Organized crime 4. Repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment

II. The Roaring Twenties B. The New Woman 1. Women in politics 2. Challenges to women’s political influence 3. Special protection vs. equal protection for women 4. Women at work 5. The flapper 6. Birth control 7. Challenging standards

II. The Roaring Twenties C. The New Negro 1. Challenging racial divisions 2. The rise of Garvey 3. The Harlem Renaissance D. Entertainment for the Masses 1. Hollywood 2. Sports 3. Charles Lindbergh 4. Radio

II. The Roaring Twenties E. The Lost Generation 1. Alienation and expatriation 2. Exiles in spirit

III. Resistance to Change A. Rejecting the Undesirables 1. Nativist and antiradical sentiments 2. The Johnson-Reed Act 3. Sacco and Vanzetti B. The Rebirth of the Ku Klux Klan 1. Expanded targets 2. National influence 3. Declining support

III. Resistance to Change C. The Scopes Trial 1. Fundamentalism versus science 2. A media circus 3. Inflaming divisions D. Al Smith and the Election of Social issues 2. The candidates 3. The results

IV. The Great Crash A. Herbert Hoover: The Great Engineer 1. “The Great Humanitarian” 2. A progressive Republican 3. Ideological and political liabilities B. The Distorted Economy 1. An unstable international economy 2. Poor distribution of wealth 3. Signs of trouble

IV. The Great Crash C. The Crash of Faith in the market 2. The market crashes 3. Halting economic activity D. Hoover and the Limits of Individualism 1. Bargaining with business and labor 2. Dealing with the problems of rural America 3. Aiding industry 4. Hoover’s limits

V. Life in the Depression A. The Human Toll 1. Statistics 2. Joblessness, hunger, and poverty 3. Strapped charities 4. Finding scapegoats 5. Changing the family B. Denial and Escape 1. Hoovervilles 2. Refuge at the theater 3. Rising crime

V. Life in the Depression C. Working-Class Militancy 1. Rising protest 2. Veteran protest 3. The revival of the Left