Local Area Network Topology. LAN Architecture - Protocol architecture - Topologies - Media access control - Logical Link Control.

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Presentation transcript:

Local Area Network Topology

LAN Architecture - Protocol architecture - Topologies - Media access control - Logical Link Control

Topologies is the arrangement of the various elements (links, nodeslinks Computers ) - Tree - Bus - Ring - Star

LAN Topologies

Bus and Tree each node is connected to a single cable The cable has start and end point- - Multipoint medium - Transmission propagates throughout medium - when send massege Need to identify target station Each station has unique address - Full duplex connection between station and tap Allows for transmission and reception - Need to regulate transmission To avoid collisions Data in small blocks - frames - Terminator absorbs frames at end of medium

Frame Transmission - Bus LAN

Disadvantages and Advantages of a Linear Bus Topology Advantages: - Easy to connect a computer or peripheral to a linear bus. - - Requires less cable length than a star topology. Disadvantages : - Entire network shuts down if there is a break in the main cable. - Terminators are required at both ends of the backbone cable. - Difficult to identify the problem if the entire network shuts down. - Not meant to be used as a stand-alone solution in a large building.

Star Topology - Each station connected directly to central ode ((Usually via two point to point links Data on a star network passes through the hub, switch, or concentrator before continuing to its destination. The hub, switch, or concentrator manages and controls all functions of the network – - Only one station can transmit at a time - Central node can act as frame switch

Advantages and Disadvantages Star Topology Advantages : - Easy to install and wire. - No disruptions to the network when removing devices. - Easy to detect faults and to remove parts. - Disadvantages : - Requires more cable length than a linear topology. - If the hub, switch, or concentrator fails, nodes attached are disabled. - More expensive than linear bus topologies because of the cost of the hubs, etc.

Tree or Expanded Star - A tree topology combines characteristics of linear bus and star topologies. - It consists of groups of star-configured workstations connected to a linear bus backbone cable - Tree topologies allow for the expansion of an existing network

Advantages and Disadvantages tree Topology Advantages : - Point-to-point wiring for individual segments. - Supported by several hardware and software venders. Disadvantages : - Overall length of each segment is limited by the type of cabling used. - If the backbone line breaks, the entire segment goes down. - More difficult to configure and wire than other topologies.

Ring A network topology that is set up in a circular fashion in which data travels around the ring in one direction and each device on the right acts as a repeater to keep the signal strong as it travels

Frame Transmission Ring LAN

Considerations When Choosing a Topology Money. A linear bus network may be the least expensive way to install a network; you do not have to purchase concentrators. Length of cable needed. The linear bus network uses shorter lengths of cable. Future growth. With a star topology, expanding a network is easily done by adding another concentrator. Cable type. The most common cable in schools is unshielded twisted pair, which is most often used with star topologies

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