USHC 2.2 EXPLAIN HOW THE MONROE DOCTRINE AND THE CONCEPT OF MANIFEST DESTINY AFFECTED U.S. RELATIONS WITH FOREIGN POWERS INCLUDING THE ROLE OF THE U.S. IN THE TEXAN REVOLUTION AND THE MEXICAN WAR. Monroe Doctrine and Manifest Destiny

I. Background A. Nationalism 1. Growing sense of being “American” B. European Wars 1. Continent tired of constant wars - Napoleon 2. US afraid European peace will encourage them to reconquer colonies in Americas C. American Land Expansion 1. Louisiana Purchase - MAPMAP 2. Oregon Territory – joint with British Napoleon

II. The Monroe Doctrine A. Warns European countries to stay out of the Western Hemisphere (Americas) or face U.S. resistance, in exchange the U.S. will stay out of European affairs B. REACTION: It is mostly ignored by European countries 1. Because the US really did not have the power to enforce it 2. US actually depended on the British navy to help them enforce the doctrine. President Monroe

III. Manifest Destiny A. Definition – belief that Americans had a God-given right to all land in North America B. Creation of a country from “sea to shining sea” – Atlantic to Pacific C. Ethnocentric – belief that one race or ethnicity is better suited to God. D. Manifest Destiny painting Manifest Destiny painting E. American Progress Painting American Progress Painting

IV. Texas Revolution A. Mexico independent from Spain, 1821 B. Mexico invites Americans to settle Tejas 1. Tejas = Texas and is a state in Mexico C. Mexican Government Changes 1. Prohibits slavery, Catholic Requirement D. Texans Revolt and fight Mexican Army 1. Battle of the Alamo E. Texas Wins Independence 1. Denied admission to the United States 2. Lone Star Republic – operates as country for 9 years

A. President James Polk 1. Uses Manifest Destiny and 54’40 or fight slogan over Oregon to win presidency 1. Dispute with British 2. Pushes for annexation of Texas 3. Offers to buy more land from Mexico – Mexico refuses

V. Mexican-American War A. President Polk sends army into land disputed by US and Mexico B. Mexican troops fire and Polk convinces Congress to declare war C. US army rushes into California and New Mexico to occupy Mexican territory 1. Possession of land important for treaty D. US defeats Mexico E. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 1. US buys Mexican Cession (CA,AZ,NM) 2. Rio Grande border with Mexico F. Poor relations with Mexico ever since

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American Progress, John Gast 1872 RETURN