APPA Conference Call on EGU MACT Rule January 20, 2011

Schedule for MACT Rulemaking On April 15, 2010, Judge Collyer of the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia accepted a consent decree in a case seeking to set an EGU MACT rulemaking schedule The consent decree requires EPA to propose MACT standards by March 16, 2011 and to finalize them by November 16, 2011

Schedule for MACT Rulemaking Schedule for MACT Rulemaking (continued) Possible EPA EGU MACT schedule September 2010: Completion of ICR September 2010 – December 2010: EPA staff review and analysis of ICR data; draft rulemaking package December 2010 – March 2011: EPA headquarters and OMB review of proposed rule March 16, 2011: Proposed rule signed Comment period: 60 days November 16, 2011: Final rule signed

Schedule for MACT Rulemaking Schedule for MACT Rulemaking (continued) Possible Compliance Dates Normal MACT timing is 3 years after effective date of the rule – § 112(i)(3)(A) EPA Administrator (or State with program approval) can grant extension of 1 additional year, if more time “necessary for the installation of controls” – § 112(i)(3)(B) Presidential exemption for a period of not more than 2 years if President finds (1) the technology to implement such standard is not available and (2) it is in the national security interests to do so. Additional 1 year extensions are available – § 112(i)(4)

EGU MACT ICR EPA issued § 114 letters in late December 2009 to collect information to support an EGU MACT rulemaking Parts 1 and 2 of the ICR collect historic information and must be completed within 3 months Part 3 requires stack sampling to be completed on a rolling schedule over 6 to 8 months [All data to be submitted by Sept. 1, 2010] Submission of Part 3 data was delayed by backlogs in analytical labs. Data were still being submitted in Oct

EGU MACT ICR (continued) Stack sampling aimed at obtaining emissions information on four HAP groupings Acid gases: HCl and HF Trace metals and mercury Organics Dioxins/Furans Part 3 testing also included non-HAP chemicals that are possible surrogates

EGU MACT ICR EGU MACT ICR (continued) Coal-fired plants required to conduct sampling in each of the four groupings expected to be the “best performing” units 50 additional coal-fired plants were randomly selected to sample for all HAPs except dioxins/furans Approximately 80 oil-fired units were selected to test for all HAPs Key lesson from IB MACT rule – make sure of the accuracy of data sent to EPA

MACT Rulemaking MACT Rulemaking Key Issues in MACT Rulemaking: EPA’s legal authority to set MACT limits for all HAPs – § 112(n)(1)(A) determination Use of “Franken-plant” approach to set MACT limits Subcategorization Area source standards Inclusion of variability in setting MACT limits Treatment of non-detect measurements in setting MACT limits

MACT Rulemaking MACT Rulemaking (continued) Possible use of surrogates Alternative % reduction limits Use of § 112(d)(4) to set alternative health-based limits for non-carcinogens with health thresholds (HCl and HF) Continuous monitoring methods and problems in demonstrating compliance with extremely low emission limits

MACT Rulemaking MACT Rulemaking (continued) Potential Control Technology Implications HCl limits – scrubbers on all units? Trace metal limits – baghouses or baghouse – equivalents on all units? Mercury – ACI or control equivalents Organics and dioxins -- ?? Does ACI also capture organics?

MACT Rulemaking MACT Rulemaking (continued) Possible Subcategorization Approaches Limited use units Mercury – coal rank, boiler type Trace metals (?) Acid gases – coal rank (?), % reduction (?) Organics (?) Dioxins (?)