Chapter 1 Objectives Define the term, computer Identify the components of a computer Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using computers Recognize the purpose of a network Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web( 万维网 ) Distinguish( 区别 ) between system software and application software Describe the categories( 种类 ) of computers Identify the elements( 组成部分 ) of an information system Describe the various( 不同的类型 ) types of computer users Discuss various computer applications( 用途 ) in society Next

How is a computer defined? What Is a Computer? p. 6 Produces and stores results Next  Electronic device operating ( 运转 ) under the control of instructions ( 指令 ) stored ( 存储 ) in its own memory information Processes data into information Data that is organized, meaningful, and useful data Accepts data Raw( 原始数据 ) facts, figures, and symbols

Chapter 1 Objectives Define the term, computer Identify the components of a computer Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using computers Recognize the purpose of a network Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web Distinguish between system software and application software Describe the categories of computers Identify the elements of an information system Describe the various types of computer users Discuss various computer applications in society Next

The Components of a Computer What is an input device ( 输入设备 ) ? p. 7 Fig. 1-3  Hardware used to enter ( 输入 ) data and instructions Next

The Components of a Computer What is an output device ( 输出设备 ) ? p Fig. 1-3  Hardware that conveys( 传达 ) information to one or more people Next

The Components of a Computer What is the system unit ( 系统单元、主机箱 ) ? p Fig. 1-3 Next  Case ( 容器 ) that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to process data

The Components of a Computer What is a USB flash drive (U 盘 ) ? p. 8 Next  Portable( 便携 ) storage device  Small and lightweight enough to be transported on a keychain( 钥匙链 ) or in a pocket  The average USB flash drive can hold about 500 million characters  Portable( 便携 ) storage device  Small and lightweight enough to be transported on a keychain( 钥匙链 ) or in a pocket  The average USB flash drive can hold about 500 million characters

The Components of a Computer What is a hard disk ( 硬盘 ) ? p. 8 Fig. 1-4 Next  Provides greater storage capacity than a USB flash drive  Most are housed ( 覆盖 ) inside the system unit

The Components of a Computer What is a compact disc ( 光盘 ) ? p. 9 Fig. 1-5 Next  Flat, round, portable ( 便携 ) metal ( 金属 ) disc  CD-ROM  DVD-ROM

Chapter 1 Objectives Define the term, computer Identify the components of a computer Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using computers Recognize the purpose of a network Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web Distinguish between system software and application software Describe the categories of computers Identify the elements of an information system Describe the various types of computer users Discuss various computer applications in society Next

Storage ( 存储容量 ) Communications Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers p. 10 What are the advantages of using computers? Speed ( 速度 ) Reliability ( 可靠性 ) Next Consistency ( 一致性 )

Impact ( 冲击 ) on Labor Force Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers p What are the disadvantages of using computers? Next Violation ( 违反 ) of Privacy ( 隐私 ) Health Risks Public Safety Impact on Environment

Chapter 1 Objectives Define the term, computer Identify the components of a computer Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using computers Recognize the purpose of a network Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web Distinguish between system software and application software Describe the categories of computers Identify the elements of an information system Describe the various types of computer users Discuss various computer applications in society Next

Networks and the Internet What is a network? p. 11 Next  Collection ( 收集 ) of computers and devices connected together Used to share Resources Hardware devices Software programs Data Saves time and money Information

Networks and the Internet What is the Internet? p. 12 Fig. 1-7 Next  Worldwide ( 全世界的 ) collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies ( 代理 ), educational institutions ( 机构 ), and individuals ( 个人 )

Networks and the Internet p Fig. 1-8 Why do users access the Internet? 2.Information 3.Shopping 4.Banking and Investing ( 投资 ) 5.Classes ( 网络课堂 ) 6.Entertainment ( 娱乐 ) Next 1.Communications 7.Download Music 8.Share Information ( 发布信息 )

Networks and the Internet What is the Web? p A Web site is a collection of related Web pages A Web page contains text, graphics ( 图片 ), audio ( 音频 ), video ( 视频 ), and links to other Web pages You can share information on a social networking Web site or a photo sharing community ( 社区 ) Next  Billions of documents, called Web pages, available ( 可访问 ) to anyone connected to the Internet A blog ( 博客 ) consists of time- stamped ( 时间戳记 ) articles in a journal ( 定期刊物 ) format A podcast ( 播客 ) is recorded audio ( 音频 ) stored on a Web site that can be downloaded

Chapter 1 Objectives Define the term, computer Identify the components of a computer Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using computers Recognize the purpose of a network Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web Distinguish between system software and application software Describe the categories of computers Identify the elements of an information system Describe the various types of computer users Discuss various computer applications in society Next

Consists of a series （连续） of instructions that tells the computer what to do and how to do it Computer Software What is software? p. 15 Next Also called a program

Computer Software What is system software? p Operating System (OS) Operating System (OS) is a set of programs that coordinates ( 协作 ) all activities ( 行动 ) among computer hardware devices Utility ( 有用 ) Programs Utility ( 有用 ) Programs allow the user to perform ( 执行 ) maintenance-type ( 维护 ) tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its programs Next  Programs that control or maintain the operations ( 运转 ) of the computer and its devices

Computer Software What is application software? p. 16 Fig Next Presentation Graphics Spreadsheet ( 电子表 ) Database Word Processing  Programs designed to make users more productive ( 生产效率 )

Chapter 1 Objectives Define the term, computer Identify the components of a computer Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using computers Recognize the purpose of a network Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web Distinguish between system software and application software Describe the categories ( 种类 ) of computers Identify the elements of an information system Describe the various types of computer users Discuss various computer applications in society Next

Categories of Computers p. 19 Next What are the categories of computers? Personal Computers (desktop 台式机, 桌面电脑 ) Mobile Computers ( 移动计算机 ) and Mobile Devices Game Consoles ( 游戏机 ) Servers ( 服务器 ) Mainframes( 大型机 ) Supercomputers ( 超级计算机 ) Embedded Computers ( 嵌入式计算机 )

Personal Computers What is a desktop computer ( 台式机 ) ? p Fig Next  Designed so all of the components fit ( 适合 ) entirely ( 完全 ) on or under a desk or table

Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices What is a notebook computer ( 笔记本电脑 ) ? p. 20 Fig Next  Portable ( 便携 ), small enough to fit on your lap ( 膝盖 )  Also called a laptop computer  Usually more expensive ( 昂贵 ) than a desktop computer with equal capabilities

Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices What are smart phones( 智能手机 )? 智能手机 p. 22 Fig Next A smart phone is an Internet-enabled ( 可上网的 ) telephone that usually provides PDA capabilities

Game Consoles What are game consoles ( 游戏机 ) ? p. 22 Fig Next Mobile computing device designed for single- player or multiplayer( 多人游戏 ) video games

Servers What types of servers are there? p. 23 Figs – 1-25 Mainframe ( 大型机 ) Very powerful, expensive ( 昂贵 ) computer that supports thousands of connected users Supercomputer ( 超级计算机 ) The fastest, most powerful, most expensive computer. Used for applications requiring complex mathematical ( 数学计算 ) calculations Next A server controls access ( 访问 ) to network resources and provides centralized ( 集中的 ) storage

Embedded Computers What is an embedded computer ( 嵌入式计算机 ) ?  A special-purpose ( 专用 ) computer that functions as a component in a larger product p. 24 Fig Next

Chapter 1 Objectives Define the term, computer Identify the components of a computer Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using computers Recognize the purpose of a network Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web Distinguish between system software and application software Describe the categories of computers Identify the elements of an information system Describe the various types of computer users Discuss various computer applications ( 用途 ) in society Next

Computer Applications in Society What are some examples of computer applications in society? p Figs. 1-36–1-43 Next  Education  Finance  Government  Health Care ( 卫 生保健 )  Science  Publishing  Travel  Manufacturing ( 制造业 )

Chapter 1 Objectives achieved? Define the term, computer Identify the components of a computer Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using computers Recognize the purpose of a network Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web Distinguish between system software and application software Describe the categories of computers Identify the elements of an information system Describe the various types of computer users Discuss various computer applications in society Next