 Learning Targets:  1.) How was President Kennedy different than most Presidents who came before him?  2.) How did we find the Missiles?  3.) What.

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Presentation transcript:

 Learning Targets:  1.) How was President Kennedy different than most Presidents who came before him?  2.) How did we find the Missiles?  3.) What does Berlin have to do with Cuba?  4.) How did Kennedy get the Missiles out?

 Learning Target #1  How was President Kennedy different than most Presidents whocame before him?

 In 1960, America elected John F. Kennedy as President.

 Before Kennedy, Presidents had been older men.

WILLIAM H. TAFTWOODROW WILSON

WARREN HARDINGCALVIN COOLIDGE

HERBERT HOOVERFRANKLIN ROOSEVELT

HARRY S TRUMANDWIGHT EISENHOWER

 Youth and energy certainly has its place, but it also means inexperience.

 Roosevelt had taken on the Great Depression, Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan.  He knew how to take on a major crisis and win!

 Harry Truman is to this day the only man to ever order the use of Atomic weapons on people.  That means, if he says he’ll do it… he will

 Dwight Eisenhower is the man who beat Hitler.

 But Kennedy had none of that experience…  yet

 Kennedy was different, he was 43 years old and father to two young children: Caroline & John Jr.  There was a difference

 The world didn’t know how he would react in a crisis.  He was young and untested and Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev knew it.

 In your own words, summarize how John Kennedy was different than most Presidents who came before him.

 Learning Target #2  How did we find the Missiles?

 In September 1962 a U2 spy plane taking photographs over Cuba discovered that the Soviet Union had begun building Missile launching sites.

 Cuba is only 90 miles from the southern tip of Florida, these Missile sites brought nuclear weapons dangerously close to America.

 The U2 could take very clear photographs while moving quickly and at great altitudes, often as high up as 70,000 feet

 In your own words, summarize how we found the Missiles in Cuba.

 Learning Target #3  What does Berlin have to do with Cuba?

 Show scene 4; Start at 13:19 of film  JFK has just learned about the Missiles and has gathered his top advisors around him to assess the situation.  4:20 long

Show scene 5; FFD to 19:47 of film  Dean Acheson gives his experienced opinion of the situation and the Soviets  3:25 long

Several ideas are discussed, but most were so aggressive they thought the Soviets would be forced to move on Berlin in retaliation. Bomb Cuba with non-Nuclear Bombs Bomb Cuba with Nuclear Bombs Invade Cuba

 They also considered that in 1962 we had military bases in 127 different countries (including Cuba at Guantanamo Bay).  We also had Nuclear Missiles in several countries close to the Soviet Union.

 In your own words, summarize what Berlin has to do with the Cuban Missile Crisis.

 Show scene 10; Start at 38:43  JFK had been scheduled to be in Chicago. To keep up appearances that nothing was wrong he went, but left early claiming he had a “cold” and had to return to the White House and deal with the crisis.  They are struggling to come up with a plan.  3:00 long

 Learning Target #4  How did Kennedy get the Missiles out?

 They decide their best chance to avoid World War III is to blockade any ships from coming to Cuba, thereby denying any more missiles, or equipment from getting to the missile sites.  They did not do anything about the missiles already there.

 Since a Naval Blockade is officially an act of war, they call it a “Quarantine”

 Kennedy then goes on Television to address the nation and tell them about the missiles and the steps he will take to get them removed.

 Show scene 14; start at 50:26 of film  Kennedy’s speech to the nation  Discussion of the blockade  4:20 long

The Navy moves into position and the Soviet ships keep coming towards Cuba.

 Show Scene 17; FFD to 1:05:47  (Just as JFK sits at his desk)  Announces the Quarantine and discusses Berlin  2:30 long

 Show scene 18  Showdown!  7:15 long

 The Soviets backed down, but what next?

 A letter arrives from Khrushchev offering a way out if the United States promised never to invade Cuba.

 The next day, another, angrier letter from Khrushchev arrived with additional demands.  He demanded the United States remove missile bases from Turkey.

 Show scene 25 Khrushchev’s second letter. What do you do with this one? 2:45 long

 Show scene 28  Will it be war?  11:20 long

 In your own words, summarize how President Kennedy got the Missiles out of Cuba.