What to do if I want start with EcoDesign Prof.Dr.Ir. Ab Stevels Applied EcoDesign, Design for sustainability Lab Delft University of Technology Sustainability Center Philips Consumer Electronics

6/29/2016 AR17-G Outline Consider the several types of green What is green? Enablers & Drivers Integration of green in product development

6/29/2016 AR17-G What is green? Environmental aspects Stakeholder perspectives EmissionsScientific green (Life Cycle Dilemma) ResourcesWHAT IS GREEN?Government Green (Policies, legislation) Potential ToxicityCustomer Green (Perceptions)

6/29/2016 AR17-G Environmental Aspects, examples of Dilemma's EmissionsResourcesPotential Toxicity Use of natural gas instead of coal to generate energy + (less CO2) - (high entropy) + (no ash) Plastics vs. Metals + (less energy needed) - (recycling is a problem) - additives) Leadfree solder- (more energy needed) - (uses more scarce resources) + (presence of lead) Use of flame retardants ?+ (less material needed) - (production, end of life issues)

6/29/2016 AR17-G Scientific green (Life Cycle Analysis) Basis: “damage” to Human health Ecosystem quality Resources(depletion) Methodological problems –Time scope: (embedded toxicity) –Regional scope (local, regional and global emissions, waste export) –Non-emissions (landfill, noise, etc.) –Recycling, re-use (system boundaries) –Repair, refurbishment (life-time optimization effects)

6/29/2016 AR17-G Scientific green (Ecoindicators) How it works out Energy use Materials production Packaging / transport Production processes Chemical content Embedded toxicity Recycling / reuseSystem boundaries Resource aspects of Depletion scenario’s Energy, materials Generally OK

6/29/2016 AR17-G Government green Availability of energy sources Geographic position (near the sea, mountains) Availability of landfill sites, incinerations capacity Environmental disasters Status of economy (employment vs environment)

6/29/2016 AR17-G Perceived green "Wood is better than paper/cardboard and definitely better than plastic" "Environmental issue of consumer electronics industry is waste rather than energy consumption" "Chlorine containing compounds are bad" (PVC) "Recycling is always OK"

6/29/2016 AR17-G Ranking of green issues (for electronic products) Consumer 1996 Consumer 1991 LCADutch government Energy consumption1413 Waste/recycling2542 Materials use3136 Packaging4255 Sustainability56N.A.1 Production processes6324

6/29/2016 AR17-G The Balancing Act Basis for operation should be science / rationale Societal concerns are for real Industry is no “natural talent” in green In wealthy societies a lot of people buy on basis of perceptions (“image”, including environmental image) not on basis of performance

6/29/2016 AR17-G The need for priority setting -You cannot have it all! In practice always, limited capacity and budget -Analyze per item what enablers and drivers are relevant / important for you -Set priorities in Ecodesign according to this CONTEXT -There is a big difference between “being environmentally right” and “getting environmentally right”

6/29/2016 AR17-G Evaluation of Green options

6/29/2016 AR17-G Industry Designs for Functionality not specifically for “Eco” Real Function “physical” Immaterial Benefits Design for Functionality Cost of Ownership Emotional Benefits

6/29/2016 AR17-G Applied EcoDesign Anno 2010 Works in the context of Design for Functionality Aims to reduce environmental impact within the boundaries of feasibility Systematically finds compromises between the design areas. EcoDesigners have become Design organizers & communicators

6/29/2016 AR17-G The Internal Value Chain (generic) Strategy Management SuppliersCustomer Product management DevelopmentMarketing ProductionSales PurchasingLogistics

6/29/2016 AR17-G The External Value Chain (generic) Science Technology Financial community Consumers Unions NGO’s ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY Governments Suppliers Voters Customers

6/29/2016 AR17-G Enablers: Science and Technology Smart products –IT, electromechanics, LCD application Energy saving –IC development, miniaturization Material application –lighter, stronger, faster, … Potential toxics/ substitution: –Lead-free solder, halogen free flame-retardants End-of-life processing technology –Automated disassembly, improved shredding and separation Cleaner production –CFC elimination, gas assisted molding

6/29/2016 AR17-G Reduction of environmental impact of production (utilities, materials, “unwanted output”) Contribution to ecodesign Reuse of materials, components Take-back in turn Enablers: Suppliers

6/29/2016 AR17-G Enablers: Money Sell more through “green” Cost reduction –production: utilities –products: less materials, packaging, transport, potential toxics, lower disassembly time Green investment: industrial, infrastructure transformation

6/29/2016 AR17-G Visible and hidden environmental costs VisibleInvisible (hidden) sewage water cleaning exhaust gas cleaning solid waste environmental department energy, water, gas investment, depreciation development suppliers transport to sales (user: utilities) (user: end-of-life) Environmental costs are on the increase

6/29/2016 AR17-G Generic model of integrating environmental aspects into the product development process Get facts, prioritize according to benefits and feasibility, align with company strategy, consider environmental aspects, life cycle thinking Brainstorming, life cycle screening, consolidate into specification Applying design approaches Evaluation of results against targets and specification Release, communication plans Consider environmental aspects and effects Stage 1: Planning Stage 2: Conceptual design Stage 3: Detailed design Stage 4: Testing/Prototype Stage 5: Market launch Stage 6: Product review Feedback /continuous improvement

6/29/2016 AR17-G Embedding of ecodesign into business Business perspective (money, ease of operation, image) Strategic input Green idea generation Tool support a.o. benchmarking Roadmap Product creation Technicalities and validation Green communication, sales Support tools

6/29/2016 AR17-G Prioritize: Ecodesign matrix

6/29/2016 AR17-G Embedding Environment in Business Excellence Leadership People Policy & Strategy Partnership & resources Processes Key performance results People results Customer results Society results