 L.O – To understand the musical features found in Indian Classical music.  To be able to learn and use the correct musical vocabulary in a listening test. Indian Classical AOS2 – Shared music

 Complete the PLC in your booklet on Indian Classical  Read each statement and tick either  “confused face” or PLC

 India  Long history of around 3000 years.  Typically a student will undergo a type of apprenticeship with a highly regarded performer, which as known as a master-student tradition.  Famous Indian Classical musician = Ravi Shankar (REMEMBER HIS NAME!)  Venue/Location: Indian Classical concert Background and context

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 Oral tradition  The music is not written down.  Look and listen  Imitation is common  Drone and improvised melody (based on ragas) How do the instruments interact?

 Where does it originate?  Famous musician?  How do musicians interact? Quick fire round

 Where does it originate? India  Famous musician? Ravi Shankar  How do musicians interact? Look and listen. Imitation. Drone with improvised melody using a raga. Quick fire round

 Tonality – based on specific melodic scales known as Ragas.  These ragas are used by the sitar for the melody.  Many different ragas - associated with a particular time of day, season and mood.  Some notes in the raga will be more important than others and will be emphasised.  Common techniques used in the melody – pitch bends, glissandos, rapid scales, ornamentation.  As pieces progress they become more complex. Before a performance everyone will agree which raga to use and the sitar player will then improvise a melody around the notes of the raga. Tonality and melody

InstrumentRoleOther details SitarMelodyImprovises the melody by using a raga. Plucked. Imitates rhythms played by tabla Tambura/ Tanpura Drone acts as supporting harmony. Based on the most important notes of the chosen raga. 4 strings. Plucked/bowed. Tabla (pair of Drums) Rhythm/tempoPlays a rhythmic cycle known as the tala. Improvises and becomes complex as the piece progresses. Instruments and their roles

InstrumentRoleOther details SarangiAccompanimentBowed string instrument. Uses notes from the raga BansuriAccompanimentBamboo flute. Uses notes from the raga Instruments and their roles

 Made up of 4 sections:  Alap  Jor  Gat  Jhalla Structure

AlapJarGat –Jhalla Slow tempo, improvised introduction in free time. The sitar introduces and explores the notes of the raga. There is a drone played by the Tanpura but no tabla drums. Sitar plays faster and more melodic. Tanpura plays the drone. Still no tabla drums. The tabla enters, creating a clear sense of pulse. This section is often based on a pre-composed idea (Tala) which the melody instrument uses as a basis for improvisation. The music builds in excitement. More improvisation, faster and more virtuosic (which means the performers try and show off all of their skills). Cascades of scales and intricate rhythms. Structure

 Articulation - Strong accent on first beat of bar.  Dynamics - Dynamics build up throughout the performance.  Expression - Sitar player - through improvisation.  Devices - Imitation, Raga (scale), rapid scales, pitch bends, glissandos and ornamentation.  Texture - Melody and Accompaniment (Tabla and Tambura support Sitar)  Pitch - Sitar explores the Rag (scale) playing higher and lower. Other important musical features

 Complete listening test Number 8 (found on MyHighcliffe Music page) Listening Test