Chapter 2 Section 2 Physical Properties

There are pitchers of ice water and lemonade on a picnic table There are pitchers of ice water and lemonade on a picnic table. How do you know which liquid is in each pitcher? It’s easy! Lemonade is yellow and has a tart taste that is hard to miss. A yellow color and a tart taste are two properties of lemonade. Answer?

Examples of Physical Properties What are some examples of physical properties? Viscosity, _____________, malleability, hardness, _____________, boiling point, and __________ are examples of physical properties.

Examples of Physical Properties Viscosity Thick liquids, such as corn syrup and honey, have a high viscosity. Thin liquids, such as vinegar and water, have a low viscosity.

Examples of Physical Properties Conductivity Materials that have a high conductivity, such as metals, are called conductors. Good conductors of heat are usually also good conductors of electricity.

Examples of Physical Properties Malleability . Most metals, such as gold, are malleable. An ice cube or piece of glass breaks into small pieces when struck with a hammer. Solids that shatter when struck are brittle, not malleable.

Examples of Physical Properties Hardness A kitchen knife can scratch a copper sheet because stainless steel is harder than copper. The material used to sharpen the knife blade must be harder than stainless steel. Diamond is the hardest known material.

Examples of Physical Properties Melting and Boiling Points The temperature at which a substance changes from solid to liquid (melts) is its _____________. The temperature at which a substance changes from liquid to gas (boils) is its ______________.

Examples of Physical Properties Density Density can be used to test the purity of a substance. Silver has a density of 10.5 g/cm3. A coin with a density of 9.9 g/cm3 is not made from silver, or it contains substances in addition to silver.

Using Physical Properties How can knowing the physical properties of matter be useful?

Using Physical Properties Using Properties to Identify Materials A material can be identified by its properties.

Using Physical Properties Using Properties to Choose Materials

Using Properties to Separate Mixtures What processes are used to separate mixtures? ___________ and _____________ are two common separation methods.

Using Properties to Separate Mixtures Filtration You can separate ______ tea from loose tea leaves by pouring the mixture through a strainer. ___________ is a process that separates materials based on the size of their particles.

Using Properties to Separate Mixtures Distillation Sometimes all the particles in a solution are small enough to pass through a filter. Distillation is…

Recognizing Physical Changes The change of water from a liquid to a gas during boiling is a physical change. A ________________ occurs when some of the properties of a material change, but the substances in the material remain the same.

Recognizing Physical Changes During a physical change, the size and shape of a material can change but not the composition. Some examples include:

Recognizing Physical Changes Some but not all physical changes can be reversed. Braiding hair is a reversible change. Cutting hair cannot be reversed.